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題名 | 兩階段限制規劃模式求解護理人員輪值問題=Nurse Rostering Using Two-Phased Constraint Programming Models |
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作者 | 韓復華; 李俊德; Han, Anthony F.; Li, Chun-te; |
期刊 | 管理與系統 |
出版日期 | 20070100 |
卷期 | 14:1 2007.01[民96.01] |
頁次 | 頁121-146 |
分類號 | 419.8 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 護理人員輪值; 限制滿足問題; 限制規劃法; Nurse rostering; Constraint satisfaction problem; Constraint programming; |
中文摘要 | 護理人員每月輪值排班的決策是目前醫院均面臨的重要問題之一,輪值班表結果之良窳攸關護理服務的品質與人員工作的士氣。護理人員的輪值 (Rostering) 決策是屬於NP-hard的高複雜度問題,傳統有關護理人員輪值問題的研究,大都把問題定式為一個最佳化的模式(Optimization Model) 來求解。但實際上護理人員的輪值問題,除了要滿足有關各種法律與醫院等「硬限制」條件外,亦需儘量滿足員工個人偏好等「軟限制」條件。因此,本研究將護理人員輪值視為限制滿足問題 (Constraint Satisfaction Problem),並建立「排休」與「派班」兩階段限制規劃(Constraint Programming)模式依序求解;並以署立新竹醫院某內科病房為個案,於個人電腦上執行求解20位護理人員與6種班別之月班表。與實際班表比較發現,本研究結果在求解效率與限制滿足程度兩方面均有優越之處,顯示本文建立之限制規劃模式具實際應用價值。 |
英文摘要 | Nurse rostering is a NP-hard problem because of the very complicated hospital constraints and nurse preferences involved in the problem. In this paper, we formulated the problem as a CSP (Constraint Satisfaction Problem) and developed CP (Constraint Programming) models to solve it. A two-phase heuristic approach is proposed to first solve the offday scheduling and then the shift scheduling sequentially. We applied our models to a real-world medical ward in Hisnchu General Hospital, and successfully generated a full-month timetable in less than 10 minutes. It is found our results are better than the timetables previously used by the hospital in many ways. CP- generated timetables not only can fully satisfy all the hard constraints, but also provide excellent fairness among nurses. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。