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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 清代苗栗地區街庄自治組織的設置與發展=Town Organizations and Social Changes of Miao-Li in Ch'ing Dynasty |
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作者 | 黃國峯; | 書刊名 | 暨南史學 |
卷期 | 7 民93.07 |
頁次 | 頁91-149 |
分類號 | 673.212704 |
關鍵詞 | 清代; 苗栗; 街庄組織; 總理; 總理區; 聯庄組織; Ch'ing Dynasty; Miaoli; Town organizations; Social changes zongli; Overseer; Zongli; Jurisdictions; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 清代苗栗地區街庄組織總理與總理區的設置、轄境與額數,近海街庄與沿山街庄呈現出不同的情形。受到地形、聚落分佈與社會環境、經濟變遷的影響,近海街庄總理與總理區呈現總理區設置少、轄境大;沿山街庄則呈現總理區多、轄境小,且隨著拓墾的過程,近海街庄總理區呈現擴大化,沿山街庄則促使總理區的細分化。總理額數的設置則會隨著社會環境的變動,而隨時調整,以符合實際所需。此外,街庄的興衰發展,也導致了街庄總理區的變動,總理區歷經整合再區分,顯示街庄組織的發展,受到社會、經濟變遷的影響而有所變動,以符合地方社會的而要。 而近海與沿山街庄的聯庄組織,反映出不同的社會環境與動機。吞霄街庄聯庄組織顯示道光年間臺灣的國際局勢,面對外國的威脅;銅鑼灣街庄聯庄組織除了防禦盜罪之外,尚有爭奪總理一職的動機。參與聯庄的範圍,吞霄街庄聯庄組織僅單一總理內的街庄參與;銅鑼灣街庄聯庄組織則是跨總理區的組成。此外,聯庄庄規亦反映出經濟發展的不同特質,喬霄街庄以商業發展為主,銅鑼灣街庄則是以農業為主。 |
英文摘要 | The establishment of zongli (overseer) and the growth of zongli (overseer) jurisdictions: zongli (overseer) jurisdiction of coastal market towns were established fewer districts, governed spacious terrain and administered a large quantity of towns in consequence the effects of geographic environment and community patterns. Besides, the zongli (overseer) jurisdictions constantly enlarged their governed territories with the expansion of cultivated land and prosperity. In contrast, zongli (overseer) jurisdictions of mountain market towns were established more districts, managed narrow region and administered a small quantity of towns. Mountain market towns were split while they prospered. In the result, zongli (overseer) jurisdictions were divided into more and more districts, governed less and less quantity of market towns and were deduced the districts. Moreover, ups and downs of the market towns affected establishment of zongli (overseer) jurisdictions to split or integrate. Hence it would adjust flexibly but not fixed. The zongli (overseer) complements of each town organizations were different according to alteration of every market town. They would be corrected to accord social demand by atmosphere, safety, involved affair and ethnic division. Furthermore, the union organizations of mountain and coastal market town reflected the different social environments and motives. The motive of a organization in Tonssiao shows that the situation of Taiwan was freighted by other countries in Dao Guang period. The motive of another one in Tunglo shows that people disputed the position of zongli (overseer) besides defense of brigands. There were single zongli (overseer) jurisdiction of market towns to join a union organization in Tongsiao, but the union organization in Tunglo were made of several different zongli (overseer) jurisdiction of market towns to join a union organization in Tongsiao, but the union organization in Tunglo were made of several different zongli (overseer) jurisdiction. The rules of union organizations also reflect economical development, for example: town market in Tongsiao mainly developed in business and in Tunglo mainly developed in agriculture. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。