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題名 | Analysis of Senior Medical Students' Preferences in Specialty Choice--A Survey in a Medical School in Northern Taiwan=醫學系高年級學生專科選擇偏好--以北臺灣某醫學院為例 |
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作者 | 王貴英; 張北葉; 洪志洋; 黃元惠; | 書刊名 | 長庚醫學 |
卷期 | 30:4 2007.07-08[民96.07-08] |
頁次 | 頁339-353 |
分類號 | 410.3 |
關鍵詞 | 醫學系學生; 專科選擇; 層級分析法; Medical students; Specialty choice; Analytic hierarchy process; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 背景:近年來,台灣各醫學中心發生外科與婦產科醫師住院醫師招生人數不足,對此現象必須加以瞭解並探究其原因。本篇研究 即在探討現有台灣醫學系高年級學生在選科時的重要考量因素及其權重。 方法:本研究以層級分析法 (AHP)架構三層級分析模型,調查北台灣某醫學院醫學系高年級學生,在選科時心目中的第一志願及 各考量因素的權重。並以無母數 K-W 分析法與t檢定來檢定不同年級以及選擇不同專科的學生看法是否有差異。 結果:第一層考量構面的排序權重排序分別為:「個人喜好及工作成就」(0.455)、「專科特性」(0.281) 及 「專科訓練過程」 (0.263)。第二層14項考量準則權重最高是「個人智慧/能力偏好」(0.191)其次是 「事業機會」(0.105)和「完成訓練後 的生活型態」(0.093)。本研究發現受試學生隨著年級的增加,對專科的認知會有所改變。 結論:個人智慧或能力的偏好,是醫學系學生選科最重要的考量因素;經濟因素(未來收入)權重排序雖然位居第七,但學生在真 正選科時仍非常重視該項因素。瞭解新生代醫學系學生的選科態度,有助於設計良好誘因,以吸引學生加入住院醫師人數 不足科別,如外科和婦產科。 |
英文摘要 | Background: Medical centers in Taiwan have found it difficult to recruit sufficient residents in the fields of surgery and gynecology & obstetrics over the last few years. It is important to realize why this phenomenon occurs. The purposes of this study are to investigate the important (critical) factors that Taiwan medical students currently consider when choosing their specialties, and to derive the relative weight of each factor. Methods: We constructed a three-tier analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model in the questionnaire sent out to 200 senior students at a medical school in northern Taiwan. The relative weight of each factor in the model was calculated, and the Kruskal-Wallis test as well as the t-test was applied to test for any significant differences in opinion among the students. Results: On the first tier of the AHP model, the aspect of “personal preferences and work achievement” had the highest weight of 0.455, followed by “specialty characteristics” with 0.281 and the “specialty training process” with 0.263 for all respondents. Of the 14 criteria on the second tier, “personal intelligence/ability preference” had the highest weight of 0.191, followed by “career opportunities” with 0.105 and “lifestyle after completion of training” with 0.093 for all respondents. As students got older, their perception of specialties changed. Students might modify their decision as their views of the various specialties evolve. Conclusions: “Personal intelligence and/or ability preference” is the most important factor, while the economic factors, such as future income, is ranked lower (7th place). Knowledge of the attitudes of a new generation of medical students could form the basis for the development of strategies to enhance the attractiveness of specialties that currently lack sufficient applicants. |
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