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題名 | 荔枝與龍眼鱗翅目害蟲種類與發生情形調查=Survey of Lepidotperous Pests of Litchi and Longan in Taiwan |
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作者 | 洪巧珍; 黃振聲; 王效岳; Huang, Chau-chin; Hwang, Jenn-sheng; Wang, Hsiau Yue; |
期刊 | 臺灣昆蟲 |
出版日期 | 20060300 |
卷期 | 26:1 民95.03 |
頁次 | 頁27-44 |
分類號 | 433.3 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 荔枝; 龍眼; 鱗翅目害蟲; Litchi; Longan; Lepidopterous pests; |
中文摘要 | 本試驗以採集荔枝、龍眼之嫩梢、花穗、果實及以性費洛蒙誘蟲器誘集等方法調查荔枝、龍眼園內之鱗翅目害蟲種類與發生情形,結果顯示由此二種園內採集到的鱗翅目昆蟲有20種,經鑑定有細蛾科三種:荔枝細蛾(Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley)及荔枝尖細蛾(C. litchiella Bradley);捲葉蛾科六種:三角新捲葉蛾(Statherotis leucaspis Meyrick)、灰白條捲葉蛾(Dudua aprobola Meyrick)、圓翅捲葉蛾(Eboda celligera Meyrick)、Adoxophyes privatana (Walker)、Lobesia sp.、及粗腳姬捲葉蛾(Cryptophlebia ombrodelta (Lower));螟蛾科兩種:Diaphania indica (Saunders)及Conogethes evaxalis (Walker);及夜蛾科兩種:Sympis rufibasis Guenee及oxydes scrobiculata (Fabricius);尺蠖蛾科一種Thalassodes imissarius Walker等13種。大致上臺灣中部與南部荔枝害蟲種類類似,其中屬Larentiinae蛾類及S. rufibasis分別於中、南部採到,由荔枝花穗及果實採集到之5種害蟲中,以細蛾(Conopomorpha sp.)數量較多。荔枝嫩梢上害蟲之年發生情形顯示較常見種賜有細蛾(Conopomorpha sp.)、三角新捲葉、灰白條捲葉蛾、圓翅捲葉蛾、屬Larentiinae之蛾類、S. rufibasis、T. immissarius及兩種待鑑定的蛾類昆蟲。當中以三角新捲葉蛾之密度及採到的頻度均較高,關鍵害蟲Conopomorpha sp. 害蟲採到頻度為21.4~51.7%,而尺蠖蛾T. immissarius採到之頻度赤高21.4~58.6%。龍眼上的鱗目害蟲種類與荔枝者類似,包括有細蛾(Conopomorpha sp.)害蟲、三角新捲葉蛾、屬Larentiinae之蛾類及T. immissarius。荔枝、龍眼上細蛾類害蟲調查顯示以暮枝危害荔枝、龍眼果實及嫩梢為主;而荔枝尖細蛾僅於嫩梢中採集到。以性費洛蒙偵測法、套袋接蟲法及暮枝嫩梢飼育結果顯示花姬捲葉蛾(Cydia notanthes Meyrick)除危害楊桃外亦可危害荔枝,其在荔枝上之危害習性與粗腳姬捲葉蛾類似,兩者皆能危害荔枝果實及嫩梢;且二者均能以荔枝嫩標稍飼育完成其生活史,惟其發育繁殖情似均較以玉米人工飼料飼育者為差。 |
英文摘要 | Lepidopterous pests of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn) and longan (Dimocarpus longans Lour.) in Taiwan were surveyed by studying shoots, spikes of flowers, and fruits of litchi and longan, and were also detected using the sex pheromones of Cydia notanthes Meyrick and Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen). Results showed that 20 species of lepidopterous pests were collected from litchi shoots. Only 13 of them were indentified which include two species of the Gracillariidae, Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley and C. litchiella Bradley; six species of the Tortricidae, Statherotis leucaspis Meyrick, Dudua aprobola Meyrick, Eboda celligera Meyrick, Adoxophyes privatana (Walker), Lobesia sp., and Cryptophlebia ombrodelta (Lower); two species of the Pyralidae, Diaphania indica (Saunders) and Conogethes evaxalis (Walker); two species of the Noctuidae, Sympis rufibasis Genée and Oxyodes scrobiculata (Fabricius); and one species of the Geometridae, Thalassodes immissarius Walker. Species of lepidopterous pests in litchi in central and southern Taiwan were similar, while species of the Larentiinae and S. rufibasis were collected from central and southern Taiwan, respectively. Five species of lepidopterous pests were collected from litchi shoots from 1992 to 1994 in Shetou Township, changhua County. These species include Conopomorpha sp., S. leucaspis, E. celligera, D. aprobola, species of the Larentiinae, S. rufibasis, T. immissarius, and two unknown species. The survey density and frequency of collection of s. leucaspis were the highest among all species in litchi orchards from 1992 to 1994. The frequencies of collection of Conopomorpha sp. And T. immissarius were 21.4-51.7% and 21.4-58.6%, respectively. The lepidopterous pests collected from longan shoots were similar to those of litchi, including Conopomorpha sp., S. leucaspis, species of the Larentinae and T. immissarius. Among species of the Gracillariidae on litchi and longan of Taiwan, the main species was C. sinensis collected from shoots, fruits of litchi and longan, and sex pheromone traps of using pheromones from C. cramerella. The umber of C. litchiella collected was very small, coming only from the shoots of litchi and longan and the traps. Based on the results of those detected with the sex pheromone, the bagging method, and rearing with shoots of litchi, the carambola fruit borer, C. notanthes, infests litchi as well as carambola in Taiwan. Both C. notanthes and C. ombrodelta (Lower) produced similar levels of infestation on litchi, infesting the shoots and fruits. However the performances of both species reared on litchi shoots were worse than those reared on an artificial corn diet. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。