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來源資料
頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 1990至2002年臺灣水稻品種(系)抗稻熱病檢定=Test of Rice Varieties and Strains Resistant to Rice Blast in Blast Nurseries during 1990-2002 |
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作 者 | 陳隆澤; 陳一心; 程永雄; | 書刊名 | 中華農業研究 |
卷 期 | 53:4 民93.12 |
頁 次 | 頁269-283 |
分類號 | 434.111 |
關鍵詞 | 水稻; 稻熱病; 稻熱病檢定圃; Rice; Blast; Blast nursery; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 自1990至2002年間,農業試驗所嘉義分所稻熱病檢定圃,先後計檢定國內8個稻作改良場所育成水稻品種(系)2,606個。參試品種(系)之罹病程度因年度與期作而異。一般而言,水稻品種(系)對葉稻熱病之抗性較穗稻熱病為強,抗葉稻熱病之比例平均較抗穗稻熱病者高出19.5%,其中在稉稻,除1990年外,其兩者間均呈顯著正相關(r=0.65~1.91,P<0.01),惟秈稻對葉及穗稻熱病之抗性則表現較不一致。參試稉稻品種(系)較秈稻容易罹患稻熱病,尤其是穗稻熱病;秈稻抗葉稻熱病之比例平均較稉稻高12.6%,而抗穗稻熱病者更高出稉稻31.6%。稉稻品種(系)在第一期作較第二期作容易罹病,在兩期作之罹病級數相差達1.26級;而秈稻在兩期作之發病程度則較為一致,在兩期作之罹病級數僅相差0.06級。稉稻品種(系)在旱田式病圃對葉稻熱病之反應,除1990年外,均與其在水田式病圃之反應相當一致(r=0.46~0.90,P<0.01),而秈稻則較不一致;但其發病程度均較水田式病圃嚴重,兩者之平均罹病級數相差達1.62級。近年來國內育成之抗病品種如臺稉8號、臺稉11號、臺稉14號及臺稉16號等,在其命名推廣大面積栽植1至5年後即淪為感病,尤其是稉稻,因此加強選育具有持久性之抗病品種已成刻不容緩之重要課題。 |
英文摘要 | A total of 2,606 rice varieties and strains from Taiwan were tested for their response to the blast disease at Chiayi blast nursery from 1990 to 2002. The incidence of blast disease varied with years and seasons. In general, the tested rice varieties and strains showed more resistant to the leaf blast than to the panicle blast. The average of entries resistant to the leaf blast was 19.5% higher than that resistant to the panicle blast. Among Japonica entries, the rice resistant to the panicle blast was highly positive correlated with that resistant to the leaf blast (r=0.65~0.91,P<0.01). The average of Indica rice resistant to the leaf and panicle blasts were 12.6 and 31.6% higher than that of Japonicas, indicating Japonica rice in general were more susceptible to blast disease than that of Indicas, particularly to the panicle blast. In addition, the difference in the scale of the blast incidence for Indicas and Japonicas between the first and second cropping season were 1.26 and 0.06, respectively, indicating the entries of Japonica rice appeared more susceptible to blast in the first cropping season than that of the second, while the Indicas showed a relatively unanimous in the two cropping seasons. The averaged incident scale of the tested rice in the upland nursery was 1.62 higher than that tested in the paddy nursery. Analyzing the relationship of the incident scales between the two different nurseries, the Japonicas in the paddy nursery were closely correlated to that recorded in the unpland nursery (r=0.46~0.90,P<0.01). The response of newly developed blast-resistant varieties such as Taikeng 8, Taikeng 11, Taikeng 14 and Taikeng 16 etc. to the rice blast, were unstable and were easily to be overcame by the virulent races of the blast pathogen within 1 to 5 years after they were released for commercial cultivation in a wide area. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。