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題名 | 中共「二線分工」變遷之研究:歷史制度主義的觀點=Research on the Evolution of CCP's “Two-front Arrangement”: In Point of Historical Institutionalism |
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作 者 | 蔡文軒; | 書刊名 | 政治學報 |
卷期 | 37 民93.06 |
頁次 | 頁207-235+237-244 |
分類號 | 576.25 |
關鍵詞 | 二線分工; 民主集中制; 路徑依賴; 漸續平衡; 歷史制度主義; 關鍵點; Critical juncture; Democratic centralism; Historical institutionalism; Path dependence; Punctured equilibrium; Two-front arrangement; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 在中共的政治體制中,「民主集中制」是組織態的正式制度,而「二線分工」則為「非正式制度」,其作用是為了修補民主集中制的三項缺失,包括「非正式政治」的影響、權力集中以及政治繼承危機。有運用「歷史制度主義」的三項觀點,包括「路徑依賴」、「關鍵點」和「漸續平衡」,來解釋中共「二線分工」的變遷。首先,在路徑依賴上,「二線分工」是中共在修補民主集中制缺失的一條依循的路徑。其次,在「二線分工」的路徑上,歷經兩次關鍵點的轉折,其一為一九八二年的十二大,其二為二○○二年的十六大。最後,這兩項關鍵點所產生的路徑轉折,都使得原制度產生了新的漸續平衡,十二大後,「二線分工」的運作,演變為「主從」型的二線分工,十六大後則演變為「職務」型的分工。在「二線分工」變遷上,逐漸朝向某種「制度化」的光譜前進。從毛時期的無規則可循,至鄧時期「主從」型分工,到江時期的「職務」型分工,吾人可以發現,「二線分工」在修補民主中制的三項缺失上,有日漸顯著的功能,因此可視之為制度化的形成。 |
英文摘要 | In the political regime of CCP, democratic centralism is the formal system of an organized form. “Two-front arrangement” is informal system, which is used to renovate three defects of democratic centralism, including the effects of informal system, power centralization, and the crisis of political successor. This article is used three concepts of historical institutionalism,“ which are path dependence, critical juncture, and punctured equilibrium, to explain the transition of “two-front arrangement” in CCP. First, in the path dependence, “two-front arrangement” is a method used by CCP to repair the deficiency of democratic centralism. Second, the path of “two-front arrangement” was gone through two critical junctures of transition, one is the CCP twelve party congress in 1982, two is the CCP sixteenth party congress in 2002. At last, the results of these critical junctures produced new punctured equilibrium. The work of “two-front arrangement” changed to patron-client type after the CCP twelve party congress and evolved to functional type after the CCP sixteenth party congress. The change of “two-front arrangement” is gradually evolving to some kinds of institutionalization. From the random type in Mao’s era, the patron-client type in Deng’s era, to the functional type in Jiang’s era, we can find that the “two-front arrangement” has remark able function to repair three defects of democratic centralism as time went by. So we can take it as the formation of institutionalization. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。