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題 名 | 大臺北地區空間所得分配的實證分析=The Evidence on Spatial Income Distribution in Taipei Area |
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作 者 | 蔡吉源; | 書刊名 | 人文及社會科學集刊 |
卷 期 | 10:4 1998.12[民87.12] |
頁 次 | 頁687-700 |
分類號 | 554.53 |
關鍵詞 | 競租函數; 最大宅地面積; 最小宅地面積; 中心商業區; Bid-rent function; Maximum lot size; Minimum lot size; Central business district; CBD; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 過去之研究顯示,一旦效用函數和預算限制式設定,則根據競租標準 (bid-rent criteriOn) 以所得高低來檢視家計單位的空間分配, 可用來決定依據所得排列家計單位在 空間上的遠近順序。 Alonso(1964) 認為美國的富人多住在都市周邊,窮人反住到市中心區 是傳統歐洲居住型態的異例。但是 Mills and Hamilton(1989) 則認為所得水準愈提高,美 國的居住型態才是常態。兩者均未提及制度 (institutional settin g) 對居住型態的影響 。 FiSche1(1985) 則認為對郊區土地消費量做最低數量 (minimum lot size) 的分區管制 (zoning) 使窮人無法負搶得起龐大的購屋成本, 只好窩居左市中心地帶狹小的公寓裡,以 支付相對小額的租金或房價。本文則從另一個角度來看問題。即對都市土地消費額給予最高 數量 (maximum lot size) 的限制; 且依身份限制農村土地的消費,將反而使富人的競租函 數變陡而多住到市中心來。 實證發現大台北地區家戶所得與其住宅距離中心商業區 (CBD) 之公里數呈反向關係。 此結果不但可以為 Mills and Hamilton (1989) 之困惑做一註腳, 提供 Fischel 觀點的反例,而且也可以附和 Alonso 對地小人多地區居住型態的觀察。 |
英文摘要 | Alonso (1964) considered the American rich living in suburban areas and the American poor in urban centers an anomaly to traditional European and Third World cities where the poor usually inhabit the peripheral areas, while the rich and middle class live centrally. Mills and Hamilton (1989) postulated that once the level of income of an economy increases, the American type of spatial ordering of households according to income will then appear. Both ignore the effects of institutional setting on residential choice. Fischel (1985) acknowledged that American minimum lot size zoning in suburban areas is the most important reason for the poor to live in urban apartments. This paper then hypothesizes that the maximum lot size regulation will make the bid-rent function of the rich steeper. Empirical study finds that in Taipei Area, households' income levels and their locational distances from CBD are conversely related. This finding may be a good footnote not only to the arguments of the locational pattern of households between Alonso and Mills and Hamilton, but also to Fischel's postulation. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。