頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 春秋時期的政軍關係=Civil-Military Relations in the Spring and Autumn Period |
---|---|
作 者 | 鄭曉時; | 書刊名 | 人文及社會科學集刊 |
卷 期 | 6:2 1994.06[民83.06] |
頁 次 | 頁167-198 |
分類號 | 621.79 |
關鍵詞 | 春秋時期; 政軍關係; 政軍威權; 軍事專業化; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究的宗旨,在指陳中國春秋時期(西元前770年至481年)諸侯國在政治、軍 事互動關係上所顯現的特徵,並從政治、社會變遷的角度,分析造成這些現象的原因及其所 蘊含的歷史意義。研究結果指出,春秋中期之前是文武合一的時代;春秋後期時,專業將領 和軍事家已經出現和受到重用。西周時,天子握有最高軍事權威;自前八世紀末至前六世初 ,軍權下移至諸侯之手;到春秋後期,再下移到卿大夫;然而,春秋時期諸侯或大夫的軍事 權威,並不像後來專制君主般具有絕對性。此外,本文提出了兩個主要論點:1.西周春秋 時期的軍權下移現象,是實行封建所造成的,而非封建制度的破壞所造成的;2.專業將領 和軍事家的出現與受重用,應在春秋後期,而非戰國時期。 |
英文摘要 | This paper adopts the approach of socio-political change to investigate some salient traits of civil-military relations in the Spring and Autumn period (770-481 B.C.). The most significant trend is the downward transference of politico-military authority from the Son of Heaven to the King of feudal states and then to the king's ministers. This trend, as this paper points out, is a natural result of Chou's feudalistic state system. In this socio-political system, civil-military affairs and personnel are integrated. It is in the late period of the Spring and Autumn (i.e., around 575-481 B.C.) that civil-military affairs and personnel began to differentiate. This paper also identifies five factors contributing to the rise of military professionals and strategists and compares three famous generals and the socio-political backgrounds in which they are situated. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。