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題名 | 苗瑤語聲調問題=Some Issues Regarding Tones in the Miao-Yao Languages |
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作者 | 李雲兵; | 書刊名 | 語言暨語言學 |
卷期 | 4:4 2003.10[民92.10] |
頁次 | 頁683-712 |
分類號 | 802.96 |
關鍵詞 | 苗瑤語聲調; 分化; 合併; 裂變; Miao-Yao languages; Tonogenesis; Tone divergence; Tone merger; Tone split; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文討論苗瑤語聲調的分化、合併和裂變問題。聲調分化分為線性和非線性兩種。線性分化有四個層次。聲調分化的原因有四種:古聲母的清與濁;古聲母的全清與次清;入聲韻韻母母音長與短的對立;古聲母鼻冠音與非鼻冠音性質的差異。聲調合併的原因有兩種:入聲韻尾的全部消失,使入聲調調類系統並入舒聲調調類系統;入聲韻韻尾脫落,特別是*-k的脫落,使入聲調調類並入舒聲調調類。聲調裂變的原因有三種:連讀變調及變調後名詞前綴脫落,調類轉移;連讀變調及變調後名詞前綴脫落,調類不轉移,聲調區別詞彙意義和詞彙語法意義;句法結構和語義特徵要求的類推變讀。 |
英文摘要 | This paper deals with three issues regarding tones in the Miao-Yao languages: divergence, merger, and split. 1) Tones diverged depending on the nature of the initials in proto-Miao-Yao, whether they were voiced or voiceless, unaspirated voiceless or aspirated voiceless, prenasalized or not; length of the vowel was also a factor. 2) Tones merged due to the loss of a final stop and with consequent loss of contrast; this is particularly noteworthy for the Miao branch, where final *-k was completely lost. (3) Tonal split was caused by sandhi, de-prefixation, wordformation, and morphological processes. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。