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題 名 | 塔塔加高山地區鐵杉林及雲杉林土壤有機物之組成=Composition of Soil Organic Matter of Montane Tsuga and Picea Forests at Tatachia, Taiwan |
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作 者 | 陳財輝; 陳振興; 邱志郁; | 書刊名 | 中華林學季刊 |
卷 期 | 36:3=132 2003.09[民92.09] |
頁 次 | 頁265-272 |
分類號 | 436.193 |
關鍵詞 | 黃酸; 腐植酸; 腐植化作用; 水溶性有機碳; Fulvic acid; Humic acid; Humification; Water soluble organic carbon; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研考主要目的在比較臺灣高山森林生態系中土壤有機物的組成。雲杉林土壤剖面中之有機質,除水溶性有機碳分佈趨勢與鐵杉林類似以外,黃酸、腐植酸與腐植素等之腐植質的成分分布均異於鐵杉林。此等腐植質含量在雲杉林土壤剖面中,由土壤表層向礦質土層銳減,相對地,鐵杉林土壤剖面中該類腐植質含量則無明顯的層次變化。水溶性有機碳含量在鐵杉林與雲杉林土壤剖面中,均隨深度增加而減少。鐵杉林礦質土層中黃酸有明顯累積的情形,推測是因黃酸由表層被洗入後,再被土壤黏粒所吸附,造成黃酸不易再移動與分解所致,雲杉林則有明顯之二次堆積效應及礦質土層pH值升高,使得礦質土層黃酸累積減少。腐植酸在鐵杉林剖面O層含量約為雲林杉的2倍。水溶性有機碳在鐵杉林與雲杉林地表面分佈比例相似,約佔可抽出有機物的1/5,但礦質土層中雲杉林水溶性有機碳比例則遠高於鐵杉林。鐵杉林剖面除O層外,黃酸所佔剖面中有機質的部份均較雲杉林為高。鐵杉林O層腐植質的腐植化程度高於雲杉林,但礦質土層中有機質的腐植化程度則是以雲杉林較高,二次堆積及土壤pH可能為影響土壤有機質腐植化程度之原因,與世界其他地區的土壤有機質的形態相比較,塔塔加森林生態系土壤腐值質的分布,類似日本的暗棕色森林土壤(Dark brown forest soil)或Czechoslovakia的棕色森林土壤(Brown forest soil),而且腐植酸的發育形態也類似。 |
英文摘要 | The objective of this study was to investigate the composition of soil organic matter of alpine forest ecosystem in Taiwan. The distribution of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) was similar in the Tsuga and Picea forests, but was different in the substances, including fractions of fulvic acids, humic acids and humin. Humic substances in Picea forest soil declined rapidly from organic horizon to the mineral horizons, while there was relatively less change in Tsuga forest soil. The contents of WSOC in both soil profiles decreased with depth (6.8 to 0.4 g kg□ soil in Tsuga forest and 5.0 to 0.2 g kg□ soil in Picea forest). Accumulation of fulvic acids in the mineral horizons of the Tsuga foest in the recalcitrance of fulvic acids in mineral horizon. The decrease of fulvic acids in the Picea forest soil profile was attributed to the secondary deposition in the profile and the higher pH in the mineral horizons. The content of humic acids of the Tsuga forest was two times higher than the Picea forest in the O layer. The distribution of humin was similar to humic acids in these two profiles. The ratios of WSOC in the soil profile were similar in the Tsuga and Picea forests, which comprised 1/5 of the extractable organic matter. However, there was a higher ratio of WSOC fraction in the mineral horizon of the Picea forest. Fulvic acids were more abundant in the soil profile of the Tsuga forest (more than 50%) than in the Picea forest (below 50%) soil profile except in the O horizon. Fulvic acids were the most important humic substance in the O layer of the Tsuga forest. The degree of humification of humic substances in the mineral horizon was higher in the Picea forest than that of the Tsuga forest except for the O horizon. The humification process of humic substances might be affected by soil pH and secondary deposition in both of the Picea and Tsuga forest soil profiles. In comparison to the soil in the other countries, the types of humic acids are similar to those dark brown forest soil in Japan or brown forest soil in Czechoslovakia. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。