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題名 | Solubility, Conductance, Association and Partition of Some Quaternary Ammonium Salts in Organic Solvent/Water Systems=一些季銨鹽在有機溶劑/水中之溶解度、電導、締合及分佈 |
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作 者 | 王天財; 郭啟忠; | 書刊名 | Journal of the Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers |
卷期 | 34:2 2003.03[民92.03] |
頁次 | 頁187-199 |
分類號 | 460.02 |
關鍵詞 | 季銨鹽; 有機溶劑; Quaternary ammonium salt; Solubility; Conductance; Association; Partition coefficient; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本研究測定BzR₃NCl, R=Me, Et與 Bu; X = Cl, Br與I在介電常數 (ε)介於 1.991~46.68之溶劑中之溶解度(Cs)。該溶劑效應可影響溶解度至 10⁵倍。對於 Bz₃Cl當ε< 8.0時InCs隨ε之增加而呈線性增加。次,上述鹽及Bu₄NX, X=C1, Br, I與 HSO₄在 H₂O, CH₃CN, MeOH, C₂H[8fa3]NO₂及EtOH中之極限當量導電度(Λ⁰)與熱力學締合常數(K[90b7])以MDHO電導方程式決定之。再次,對Bu₄NCl溫度對Λ⁰及 K[90b7]之反應,及溶劑對K[90b7]及分佈係數 (Kp)之效應。實驗顯示該締合為放熱反應, InK[90b7]隨 1/ε之增加呈線性增加,而 InKp則隨1/ε之增加而呈線性減小。 |
英文摘要 | In this study, the solubilities (Cs) of BzR₃NX, R=Me, Et and Bu; X = Cl, Br and I,in solvents with a dielectric constant (ε)range of 1.991~46.68 were measured. In this range of the dielectric constant, the solvent could affect the solubility by up to 10⁵-fold.For BzR₃NCl, In Cs increase linearly with increasingεwhenε< 8.0. Besides the solubility, the limiting equivalent conductance (Λ⁰) and the thermodynamic association constant (K[90b7]) of the above salts and the salts Bu₄NX, X=Cl, Br, I and HSO₄, in H₂O, CH₃CN,MeOH, C₂H[8fa3]NO₂ and EtOH were also determined using the modified DHO conductance equation. Furthermore, for Bu₄NCl, both the temperature effect onΛ⁰ and K[90b7] and the solvent effect on K[90b7] and the partition coefficient (Kp) were investigated. The results showed that the association was exothermic; InKA increased linearly with increasing 1/ε, and InKp decreased linearly with increasing 1/ε. |
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