頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 韓非的實利主義=Han Fei's Pragmatism |
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作 者 | 孫順智; | 書刊名 | 長榮學報 |
卷 期 | 6:1 民91.06 |
頁 次 | 頁125-147 |
分類號 | 121.67 |
關鍵詞 | 實利主義; 求利避害; 重農; 重戰; 富國強兵; Pragmatism; Pursue gain and avoid harm; With emphasis on agriculture with emphasis on warfare; Make the state wealthy and powerful; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 韓非,姓韓名非,韓之諸公子。生於西元前二八一年左右,卒於西元前二三三年。韓非的實利主義,重視面對現實解決問題,注重名副其實,強調效果,正視實際利害,頗有研究價值。 韓非實利主義之依據為人性。他認為求利避害乃是人的天性。人與人間之關係,建立在利害之上。無論君臣、父子、夫妻、主客之間,皆是如此。 韓非的價值觀,乃是注重現實功利的價值觀。他認為有實利的一切,為有價值;無實利的一切,為無價值。一以實利為價值之標準。 韓非主張以實利為賞罰之依據,一方面是以實利為賞罰標準,合於實利者賞之,違於實利者罰之。另一方面是以實利為賞罰工具,主張賞者予以實利,罰者予以禍害。 韓非實利主義的目標在於富國強兵。其實現途徑為經濟上之重農重耕;軍事上之重兵重戰;及政治上之主權在君。主張君主掌握絕對的權力,運用各種治術,督促百官,並訂立一套客觀之法,作為臣民共同依循之準繩。 |
英文摘要 | Han Fei, one of the princes of the Han State, was born around 281 B.C. and died on 233 B.C.. Han Fei‘s pragmatism emphasized facing situations, testing hypotheses by evidence, judging values according to their effects, and looking at gain and harm amorally. Han Fei‘s pragmatism was based on the self-interested human nature. He thought that it was proper to human nature to pursue gain and avoid harm and that the relations among people were established on the basis of self-interest, regardless between kings and ministers, fathers and sons, husbands and wives, and employers and employees. Han Fei saw pragmatism as standard of values: whatever produced satisfactory effects was valuable, and whatever did not was useless. Han Fei also used pragmatism as foundation of rewards and punishments. On the one hand, he applied pragmatism to standard of rewards and punishments: rewarding those who corresponded to state interests and punishing those who did not. On the other, he used pragmatism as a means to rewards and punishments: bestowing wealth and nobility on people of merits as rewards and imposing harm on the criminals as punishments. The ultimate purpose of Han Fei‘s pragmatism was to make his state wealthy and powerful, and its way to success was with emphasis on warfare and agriculture under sovereignty of the king and through efficiency of the ministers in fulfilling certain tasks--monitoring people to obey the law with special emphasis on agriculture and warfare. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。