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題名 | 教育評審與評審委員會之運作研究=Building a Successful Evaluation Program: A Study of Historical Background、Significance、Content、Purposes、Principles、Ways of Composing Members of Evaluation Committee and Evaluation Procedures |
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作者 | 章鴻基; Chang, H. J.; |
期刊 | 筧橋學報 |
出版日期 | 19960900 |
卷期 | 3 1996.09[民85.09] |
頁次 | 頁153-178 |
分類號 | 526.78 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 教育評審; 課程評審; 教學評審; Evaluation; Curriculum assessment; Teaching assessment; |
中文摘要 | 一、教育評審一詞是目前社會各界所熟悉的名詞,但如何評審呢﹖各大學校長及 教育部官員確有不同的觀點,探究其因不外一般人對評審的背景及思維理解不夠,無法形成 共識;故若要教育評審順利展開,執行人員應對個案的歷史背景及規劃給予深入瞭解;因此 ,我們回顧教育評審的成因、探索評審的意義、內容、目的及原則,最後才詳述教育評審的 實際規劃。 二、早在周代我國便有考查百官的歷史記錄,當然這個記錄並非表示系統化的評審制度在當 時已經存在,不過可以視為有組織評審制度的開始。逐漸地,歷經隋唐的科舉制度,我國便 成為一個極重視評審思維的國家;但真正對教育制度作系統化的評審工作,是在近代由美國 發展起來。 三、在美國由於考試制度、認可制度、績效運動、經濟需求、管理需求及課程改革等因素的 影響,使美國社會各界一致要求教育改革,這改革的心聲促使教育當局,以教育評審來達到 教育改革的目標。 四、教育評審是修正課程和教學差距間一條必經的途徑,旨在找出彌補差距的方法;一般而 言教育評審分課程及教學兩部份,而其評審委員會的組成,分校內、校外及綜合上述兩單位 人員組成的評審委員會等三類。 五、無可諱言,校內或校外人員所組成的評審委員各有其優、缺點,但詳細探討教育評審的 歷史,則發現委員會的組成應依個案之內容及性質來組成,才可能使評審工作順利展開;若 要評審規劃能順利展開且具有公信力,綜合校內及校外人員所組成的委員會,則不失為一可 行的架構。 六、目前課程評審的思維在國內二十五所大專院校尚未完全落地生根,也無學校積極從事課 程評審的規劃;各校較為積極的作為僅止於教學評審;再者國內各大專院校的課程評審工作 由教育部主導,教育部再委請相關學會派員支援參與訪問及追蹤評審。由於各種主、客觀因 素的影響,目前國內各大學的教學評審及教育部主辦的課程評審,都僅止於初步的探討;故 若要成功的教育評審,執行單位人員要依個案內容或性質組成評審委員會,並針對各項課程 及教學問題作深入檢討,俾利決策當局能對所有教育問題完全了解,並促進評審結果的利用 。 |
英文摘要 | Educational evaluation is a popular topic in our society, and presidents of several universities and officials from the Ministry of Education have diverse ideas in the way of how to execute a evaluation program. A study of their viewpoints results in the following fact: they do not share a common background and principles about the evaluation process. Therefore, a review of historical background、 significance、 content、 purposes and principles of evaluation will lead us to share a common background and develop a successful evaluation program. In the Chou dynasty, we have a record of emperors reviewing officials of the dynasty. This does not mean a systematic evaluation program had already existed at that time, but we can view it as a beginning of developing an evaluation program. Gradually, as the Swei and Ton dynasties went by, China had become a country of valuing the process of evaluation, but developing a systematic and successful evaluation program for our education stated in the United States. In America, due to educational testing、 accreditation program、 demanding teaching excellency、 economic requirements、 management requirements、 and demanding curriculum excellency, the society of America demanded an educational reform. This demand forced the authority of Education Department to execute the reform by assessing university curriculums and teaching programs. The purpose of educational evaluation is to find a way to close the gap be tween the curriculum and teaching. Generally, an evaluation program is made up of curriculum and teaching assessments, and the members of evaluation committee can be formed by scholars and experts from within or without the University. Diverse ways of composing an educational evaluation committee all have their own merits, but a review of history of educational evaluation reveals the fact that execution of a successful evaluation program lies in whether or not we can compose a committee of scholars and experts from all relative aspects. Furthermore, there are around twenty five colleges and universities doing teaching assessment, but no college or university in Taiwan today executes any form of curriculum assessment. At the present time, the curriculum assessment of the college or university program is done by the Ministry of Education. In the process of evaluation, the Ministry of Education will invite experts from diverse fields to review the merits of each university program. Owing to diverse factors which influence the process of curriculum and teaching evaluation, what we are doing in terms of the process of evaluation is in a elementary stage of development. Therefore, a successful evaluation program lies in whether or not we can compose a qualified committee of assessment and have a clear inventory on the case that we are evaluating, in order to offer a solution to college authorities and make good use of the results of the evaluation. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。