頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 施氮對芋植株生長及乾物生產分配之影響=Effects of N Fertilization on Growth and Biomass Production of Taro Crop |
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作者 | 蔡永□; | 書刊名 | 高雄區農業改良場研究彙報 |
卷期 | 11:2 2000.06[民89.06] |
頁次 | 頁22-36 |
分類號 | 434.33 |
關鍵詞 | 芋; 氮素; 生育性狀; 乾物生產量; 乾物分配率; 收穫指數; 塊莖產量; Taro; Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott; N application; Growth character; Biomass production; Partition ratio; Harvest index; Corm yield; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 芋是熱帶及亞熱帶地區重要的球莖作物。為了促使地下球莖肥大,芋需要吸收充足的氮素,以累積大量的乾物質,並順利轉移至地下部。本研究目的,即是探討氮素與芋植株生長及乾物生產分配之關係。試驗結果顯示,株高、葉片面積、乾物重、及球莖產量等性狀與氮肥用量呈極顯著之正相關,且差異以倍數計。無氮區植株矮小黃化,提早成熟,球莖公頃產量,水芋4~6公噸,旱芋6~14公噸。施用氮素後,株高及葉片面積均隨施氮量增加而增加,球莖公頃產量,水芋31~34公噸,旱芋21~23公噸,水芋平均增產452~493%,旱芋60~138%。過量施用氮素,乾物質大部分累積於地上部莖葉,不易轉移至地下球莖,造成乾物分配率及收獲指數降低。氮素公頃推荐量,新作田水芋為640公斤,旱芋為340公斤,而連作田施用量高於新作田。若採用促成栽培,實施水分管理,並配合生育期調整施肥技術,則芋施肥量可望再降低。 |
英文摘要 | Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) is an important root crop in the tropical and sub-tropical area. Taro can be distinguished as wetland and upland crop according to water management. Under optimum conditions, taro develops a large leaf area and accumulates substantial amounts of dry matter in the corms. In order to support this high biomass production, providing enough N is necessary. The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of N rates on growth and biomass production of taro crop and to recommend the appropriate N fertilizer rate for taro production. Field trials showed that plant height, leaf area, biomass production, and corm yield are the most important growth characters affected by N application. Without N application, corm yield reduce to 4~6 t/ha for wetland taro, and 6~14t/ha for upland taro, and also reduce plant size and prompt maturity by 1~2 months. After applying appropriate N fertilizer, plant size is getting bigger, while the corm yield reach to 31~34t/ha and 21~23t/ha for wetland and upland taro, and in this case, corm yield increase 452~493% and 60~138%, respectively. Excessive N fertilization also favors top growth, but reduces the proportion of dry matter allocated to the corms. And therefore cause both partition rate and harvest index for corm lower. For 1st-year taro, the recommendation of N are 640 kg/ha and 340kg/ha respectively for wetland and upland taro, however, the amount of N recommendation for continuous taro are much higher. Nitrogen rate can be reduced if adjusting fertilization technique and water management according to the growth stage of taro. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。