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題 名 | 臺灣黃牛與荷蘭牛血型之比較=Comparison on Blood Types of Taiwan Yellow and Holstein Cattle |
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作 者 | 林德育; 李光復; 王佩華; 張秀鑾; 宋永義; | 書刊名 | 中國畜牧學會會誌 |
卷 期 | 27:4 1998.12[民87.12] |
頁 次 | 頁507-518 |
分類號 | 437.3 |
關鍵詞 | 臺灣黃牛; 荷蘭牛; 血型; 多態性; 異質結合率; Taiwan yellow cattle; Holstein; Blood type; Polymorphism; Heterozygosity; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究分別由臺灣省畜產試驗所恆春分所採集臺灣黃牛110頭以及由國立臺灣大 學與臺灣省畜產試驗所總所採集荷蘭牛57頭(包括臺灣大學27頭及畜產試驗所30頭),共計 167頭牛隻血樣,分別以聚丙烯醯銨膠體電泳法分析血清蛋白型;以醋酸纖維電泳法分析 血紅素型及紅血球酵素型,藉以瞭解臺灣黃牛與荷蘭牛血型之遺傳變異,作為該等牛隻遺 傳及育種研究之參考依據。結果顯示鐵合蛋白型、後鐵合蛋白一型、後鐵合蛋白二型、白 蛋白型、後白蛋白型與鹼性磷酸酸型等六種血清蛋白型中,在臺灣黃牛均具有多態性;但 白蛋白型、後白蛋白型及後鐵合蛋白一型在荷蘭牛均無多態性,臺灣大學荷蘭牛之鹼性磷 酸□型亦不具多態性。血紅素型在所有荷蘭牛均為單一型AA,而在臺灣黃牛則具多態性。 紅血球酵素型分析項目有碳酸酐□型、磷酸葡萄酸鹽去氫□型及葡萄醣磷酸異構醜型等三 種對偶酵素(allelozymes)。所有供試牛隻之碳酸酐□型,除臺灣省畜產試驗所荷蘭牛無 多態性外,其他均有多態性;所有供試牛隻之磷酸葡萄酸鹽去氫酸型及葡萄醣磷酸異構醣 型均不具多態性。在檢測之10種血液蛋白質基因座中,以鐵合蛋白型有最多之對偶基因數 ,同時亦有最高之異質結合率;比較臺灣黃牛、臺灣大學荷蘭牛與臺灣省畜產試驗所荷蘭 牛3個族群在此10種血液蛋白質基因座之遺傳變異性,其多型基因座比例分別為0.70、0. 30及0.20;有效基因座數目分別為2.30、1.50及1.50;而平均異質結合率則分別為0.316 、0.101及0.096,顯示臺灣黃牛具較高遺傳變異性,而荷蘭牛純化的程度較高。 |
英文摘要 | In order to understand the gene constitution of Taiwan Yellow (TY) and Holstein cattle in Taiwan, blood samples of one hundred and ten Taiwan Yellow cattle from Hengchun Research Station of Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, twenty-seven Holstein from Taiwan Livestock Research Institute (H- TLRI) and thirty Holstein from National Taiwan University (H-NTU) were tested for blood biochemical polymorphism. Polyacrylamide gel electrophorsis was used to analyze six serum protein types including transferrin (Tf), post- transferrin 1 (Ptfl), post-transferrin 2 (Ptf2), albumin (Alb), post-albumin (Pa) and alkaline phosphatase (Akp). Polymorphism of hemoglobin (Hb) and three erythrocyte enzymes as carbonic anhydrase (CA), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD) and glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) were analysed by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Their phenotypic, genotypic and gene frequencies were estimated in order to analyse the genetic component and genetic variability among the 3 populations. PGD and GPI were monopholic among these cattle. Polymorphism of Tf, Ptfl, Ptf2, Alb, Pa and Akp existed in Taiwan Yellow cattle. Alb, Pa, Ptfl and Hb in Holstein, Akp in H-NTU and CA in H-TLRI were without polymorphism. The phenotype of AlbBX was only found in TY. The gene of Hbc which was found only in Bali cattle by former workers, showed its existence in Taiwan Yellow cattle in this study- The frequency of Hbc in Taiwan Yellow cattle was 0.161. The expected mean heterozygosity was estimated according to the gene frequencies. It was found that the genetic variance was higher in Taiwan Yellow cattle (0.316), and was lower in Holstein from TLRI (0.096). |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。