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題名 | 「西方美人」慾望裏的「中國」與「二萬萬女子」--晚清以迄五四的國族與「婦女」=A Desire for the "Western Beauty": Gender and Sexual Fantasies in the Early 20芌Century Chinese Feminist and Nationalist Discourses |
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作者 | 劉人鵬; | 書刊名 | 清華學報 |
卷期 | 30:1 2000.03[民89.03] |
頁次 | 頁1-49 |
分類號 | 544.54 |
關鍵詞 | 西方美人; 慾望; 國族; 婦女; 二萬萬女子; 晚清; 五四; 二十世紀初; 梁啟超; 少年中國; 勢力; 男女平等; 興女學; 廢纏足; 秋瑾; 廬隱; 帝國主義; Early 20芌century; The western beauty; Gender and sexual fantasies; Chinese feminist and nationalist discourss; Liang qichao; Postcolonial theories; Two hundred million women; Chinese women; Modern chinese intellectual thought; Feminism; Nationalism; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 上個世紀之交,正當中國對於「西方」帝國主義意亂情迷、同時又力圖擺脫的時刻,晚清重要知識分子梁啟超(1873-1929)在一篇文章中提出了「二十世紀是中華文明與西方美人結婚的時代」的慾望表達。本文將以此做為描繪這個歷史時刻國族慾望主體的重要隱喻。藉著勾勒這個「西方美人」所攪動的慾望,以及中、西聯姻的想像,本文析論二十世紀初關於國族與婦女的文本與修辭效應。主要以當時進步知識分子對於「西方美人」的慾望,並析帝國╱國族、性╱別論述中縱橫交錯的結構權力關係,以及現代化進步論述的慾望結構及其暴力與空白。並且進一步分析論述中各種普同化的抽象範疇所範限不住的越界、滑落與壓抑、出走與矛盾。同時,「婦女」在各種論述或歷史敘事的交會口,作為符號與作為實踐的主╱客體,其間紛然雜錯的權力或說話位置、矛盾的關係,複雜的再現等等,亦是本文試圖解讀或分析的重點。 |
英文摘要 | Tihs paper reads Liang Qichao's (1873-1929) essays alongside post/colonial theories, in order to articulate different colonial positionalities and desires. I hope to elucidate how, in the historical processes of imperial colonialism, a nation that sees itself as both "weak (sickly)" yet "big(great)" discursively negotiates the relations between different "women" and different "men;" in the ultimate hope of moving towards alternative de-colonizing modes of knowledge. In his essay "On Revitalizing the People", Liang Qichao whooly affirms Western Imperialism's use of military weapons, commerce and industry, or indeed the church, as tools for expansion. Judging his own country from the eyes of the more powerful nations, he finds that his weakly country is "ghostly, sickly, feminine, approaching nightfall." Moreover, this country has only "feminine but no masculine virtues, the ways of ghosts and not those of men." In a competitive fit, Liang sees before him a nation that is feminine and sickly, almost a ghostly apparition. Yet, when Liang writes of Chinese intellectual thought, China is positioned as the biggest country on the largest of five continents. More, from the view of a world history, that is, "the intellectual history of antiquity, we Chinese are the first," and "as for the intellectual history of the Middle Ages, We Chinese are the first" again. Finally, the twentieth century heralds the age of the "wedding" between Euro-American and Chinese civilizations, when "the Western Beauty will produce beautiful children for our family, and thereby multiply our patriline" This truly is a venerably aged and authoritative patriarchal country. At the conjunction of various time differences, what erotic relations are produced and imagined when an aged and sickly old "China" faces a young and strong "West"? A complex desire for the "Western Beauty" is, in my opinion, the reticent/noisy Siren seducing the feminist and nationalist discourses at this time. In Liang's writings on the education of women, women are both the multitude that do not produce but merely partake of the products of national production, while on the other hand, women and their level of education, their status in society, are an index to the nation's strength. Is this woman then "self," or "other"? Furthermore, what might the relation be between these multitudinous women that do not produce, and the singular "Western Beauty," how are these two imaginings interwoven and mediated? |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。