查詢結果分析
來源資料
頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 張居正的針砭沉痼與革弊興利=The Remonstration of Chang Chu-chen for Initiating the Useful and Abolishing the Harmful |
---|---|
作 者 | 仲崇親; | 書刊名 | 國立體育學院論叢 |
卷 期 | 9:2 1999.04[民88.04] |
頁 次 | 頁93-110 |
分類號 | 782.86 |
關鍵詞 | 張居正; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 明季自武宗失政,君威凌替,朝網廢墜,內憂外患,相繼並作,垂七十餘年,國 運岌岌,危在旦夕。武宗之後,世宗繼之,迷信道士,祈求長生,偏執專制,處處陷諛逢迎 ,社會腐化至極,政治廢弛不振,實已不堪言狀。張居正柄政後,鍼砭沉痼,革新積弊,改 變頹風。在政治上循名責實,分層負責,嚴其考覈,一切升黜以功勞治績為準;於經濟上節 用均賦,清丈田畝,廢除力役,改行一條鞭法,人民稱便。其為政以尊君權,信賞罰,裕國 用,固疆圉為主。忠心耿耿,崇法務實,扭轉時勢,挽救厄運,兢兢業業,「嫌怨有所弗避 ,勞瘁有所弗辭」。其推行多元化的政治改革,目的端在維護明王朝的統治,所謂「務在強 公室,杜私鬥」。故其大開大闔,敢作敢當,為國家行法,如滄海揚萬里之濤;為社會除暴 ,如驚風摧萬仞之木。本文僅就張居正之鍼砭沉痼,革幣興利;大力推動萬曆新政;及財務 經濟改革等,就史實所載,詳加析論,以鑑證歷史稱其「通識時變,勇於任事」,實當之而 無愧! |
英文摘要 | Ming Dynasty, since the Emperor Wu Chung misruled itm had fallen into a critical situation of sovereign power having been lost, discipline lax and troubles within and outside the country for over seventy years. After Wu Chung, Hsing Chung succeeded to the throne. Having sought a long life, he blindly believed in Taoism, which made him stubbornly biased and tyrannous. As a result, the flattering and fawning air arose everywhere to corrupt the society and to undermine the political law to a serious status beyond description. When Chen Chu-cheng came into power, he changed the depraved custom by remonstrating about the social bad habits and by initiating the useful and abolishing the harmful. Politically, he insisted on doing things in a pragmatic manner, delegating the right authority to the right leve of officials, and being stren and fair in evaluation. Economically, he advocated practicing economy, balancing tax, clearly measuring the agricultural lands, repealing the compusory labor service and carrying through the I-Tiao-Bian-Fa, which hailed as a great service to the public. In government administration, he honored the sovereign power, trusting the praising and punishing, sufficing the national expenses and consolidating the territory. Being royal and practical, he retrieved the hopeless situation and saved his country from deteriorating. The aim of his efforts in promoting the multiform political reform is to maintain the domination of the Ming Dnyasty; that is "strengthening the official duties" and "preventing the private ends". With magnanimity and courage to do what he believed should be done, he enforced the law for his counrty and got rid of the lawless elements to protect the good. That is the purpose of this paper to discuss and analyze from the historical facts. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。