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題名 | 維維、澱粉與蛋白質分解速率組合對臺灣山羊瘤胃微生物之影響=Effect of Fiber, Starch and Protein Degradation Rates on Ruminal Microbes of Taiwan Native Goats |
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作者 | 王翰聰; 徐濟泰; | 書刊名 | 中國畜牧學會會誌 |
卷期 | 28:3 1999.09[民88.09] |
頁次 | 頁289-310 |
分類號 | 437.58 |
關鍵詞 | 臺灣山羊; 瘤冑微生物; 纖維; 澱粉; 蛋白質; Taiwan native goats; Ruminal microbe; Fiber; Starch; Protein; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗之目的,在探討山羊飼糧中纖維、澱紛與蛋白質不同分解速率組合,對山 羊瘤胃微生物之影響。試驗採用4頭裝置瘤胃與十二指腸導管之臺灣山羊,以兩個4x4拉丁 方試驗設計(每涸拉丁方含4試驗期,每期包括10天適應期與4天採樣期),進行包含不同芻 料中洗纖維(FNDF)對瘤胃可分解澱粉(RDS)含量比例的6種不同纖維(慢:LF;快:HF)、澱粉 (慢:LS;快:HS)與蛋白質(慢:LP;快:HP)分解速率組合之飼糧處理:飼糧1(LF+LS+LP, FNDF/RDS=1);飼糧2(LF+HS+HP,FNDF/RDS=1);飼糧3(LF+LS+LP,FNDF/RDS=0.8);飼糧 4(LF+HS+HP,FNDF/RDS=0.8);飼糧5(HF+LS+LP,FNDF/RDS=1);飼糧6(HF+HS+HP, FNDF/RDS=1)。第一個拉丁正方,比較飼糧1、2、3、5;第二個拉丁正方,比較詞糧2、4、5、 6。瘤胃內pH值在各飼糧處理間的差異不大,均在給飼後1小時明顯下降,至6小時後才回 升,但含有鹼化處理草的飼糧5、6之pH值則一直維持在較高的狀態,快分解澱粉搭配較低 FNDF/RDS會造成pH值嚴重下降(飼糧4)。瘤胃液氨濃度在蛋白質來源分解快時較高,且飼糧 5除外之各處理組,均在給飼後1小時達到最高。澱粉分解速率快時,丙酸濃度較高,不論增 加澱粉分解速率或降低FNDF/RDS,對乙酸/丙酸的比值均無顯著影響,澱粉分解菌數目受到 澱粉來源分解快慢的影響比澱粉的含量影響大,使用鹼化處理草有助於維持纖維分解菌數目 (飼糧5與6),RDS過高且澱粉分解快時(飼糧4),會造成總細菌數明顯下降,pH值穩定時原 蟲數較高,而澱粉分解快時加入鹼化處理草會提高原蟲數(飼糧6與2:8.1與6.4×106/ml)。 澱粉及蛋白質分解速率均慢時,提高RDS的量(飼糧3)或增加纖維分解速率(飼糧5),對微生 物蛋白質合成效率均沒有幫助。澱粉及蛋白質分解速率均快時,提高RDS(飼糧4)或增加纖維 分解速率(飼糧6)則會降低微生物蛋白質合成效率(P<0.05)。 |
英文摘要 | The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of different combinations of dietary fiber, starch and protein degradation rates on ruminal microbes. Four ruminal and duodenal cannulated Taiwan native goats were used in two 4×4 Latin square design experiments (4 experimental periods for each Latin square; 10 d adjustment and 4 d sample collecting for each period) to test 6 different treatment diets: diet 1 (low fiber degradability (LF) + low starch (LS) and protein (LP) degradability, FNDF (forage NDF)/RDS (ruminal degradable starch)=1); diet 2 (LF+ high starch (HS) and protein (HP) degradability, FNDF/RDS=1); diet 3 (LF+LS+LP, FNDF/RDS=0.8); diet 4 (LF+HS+HP, FNDF/RDS=0.8); diet 5 (high fiber degradability (HF)+ LS+LP, FNDF/RDS=1); diet 6 (HF+HS+HP, FNDF/RDS=1). The first Latin square was used for diets 1, 2, 3, and 5 comparison. The second Latin square tested diets 2, 4, 5, and 6. Ruminal pH was not different among all treatment diets. In one hour after feeding, ruminal pH decreased with all diets, then started to increase at 6 hr after feeding. Ruminal pH was higher when goats were fed diets 5, 6 (containing alkali-treated hay). Feeding diet with low FNDF / RDS and high starch degradation rate (diet 4) resulted in lower rumen pH. Feeding diet with high protein degradation rate resulted in higher ruminal NH3-N concentration. Except of diet 5, goats fed all the other diets had the highest NH3-N concentration at 1 hr after feeding. Ruminal propionate concentration was higher for feeding high starch degradation rate diets. Neither increasing starch degradation rate nor decreasing FNDF/RDS had the effect on acetate/propionate ratio. Starch degradation rate affected amylolytic bacterial number, but not starch quantity. Cellulolytic bacteria were higher when goats were fed alkitreatment hay (diets 5, 6). High RDS and high starch degradability diet (diet 4) resulted in the lowest total ruminal bacterial number. Higher rumen pH helped to maintain a higher protozoal number. Goats fed high starch degradation rate diet with alkali-treated hay (diet 6) had higher protozoa number. When feeding diet with low starch and protein degradation rate, increasing RDS (diet 3) or increasing fiber degradation rate (diet 5) did not benefit the microbial protein synthesis efficiency. When feeding diets with high starch and protein degradation rate, increasing RDS (diet 4) or increasing fiber degradation rate (diet 6) decreased microbial protein synthesis efficiency. |
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