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題名 | Molecular Evolutionary Analyses of the Rh Blood Group Genes and Rh50 Genes in Mammals=哺乳動物之Rh血型基因和Rh50基因之分子進化分析 |
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作者 | Kitano,Takashi; OOta,Satoshi; Saitou,Naruya; |
期刊 | 動物研究學刊 |
出版日期 | 19991000 |
卷期 | 38:4 1999.10[民88.10] |
頁次 | 頁379-386 |
分類號 | 389 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | Rh和Rh50基因; 相對速率; 分歧時間; Rh and Rh50 genes; Relative rates; Divergence time; |
中文摘要 | 所有的哺乳動物大概都有負責生產膜蛋白的Rh血型基因以及其同源的Rh50基因。本文比較靈長類動物和囓齒類動物的Rh和Rh50基因的核��酸序列,發現這兩個基因同義取代速率大約相同,推算小鼠類和大鼠類大約在三千萬年前分歧進化出來。此外,靈長類動物和囓齒類動物的進化速率不一致。比較Rh和Rh50蛋白質的膜外、膜內和穿膜區段的胺基酸變化,發現除了靈長類動物的Rh基因外,膜外區段最容易改變。此外,想要較精確的估算進化分歧時間,最好在分子鐘上有多個的校正點,依此原則估算基因重複產生Rh和Rh50基因的時間,約在三億四千萬至三億八千萬年前。 |
英文摘要 | All mammals probably possess the Rh blood group gene and its homologous Rh50 gene coded membrane proteins. In this study, we compared nucleotide sequences of Rh and Rh50 genes for primates and rodents. We found that the rates of synonymous substitutions of both genes were roughly constant, and the divergence time between mouse and rat was estimated to be about 30 million years ago (mya). Heterogeneity of the evolutionary rate between primates and rodents was suggested. We also compared amino acid changes of outer-, inner-, and trans-membrane regions of the Rh and Rh50 proteins. Amino acid changes of outer-membrane regions were more frequent except for primate Rh genes. To obtain an improved estimation of divergence time, it is better to have multiple calibration points for the molecular clock. The time of gene duplication that produced the Rh and Rh50 genes was estimated to be about 340-380 mya. |
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