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題名 | 幼兒聽障的病因=Etiology of Hearing Loss in Chilren |
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作者 | 蔡循典; 林鴻清; 陳柏年; 徐銘燦; 張克昌; Tsai, Hsun-tien; Lin, Hung-ching; Chen, Bo-nien; Shu, Min-tsan; Chang, Ke-chang; |
期刊 | 中華民國耳鼻喉科醫學雜誌 |
出版日期 | 19990300、19990400 |
卷期 | 34:2 民88.03-04 |
頁次 | 頁114-118 |
分類號 | 417.6841 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 病因; 聽力損失; 幼兒; Etiology; Hearing loss; Children; |
中文摘要 | 背景:幼兒的聽力對於其語言發展、學習過程乃至於生活的適應均扮演著重要的 角色。我們希望透過對聽障兒童的病因分析與膫解,幫助我們早期診斷幼兒聽障,給予適當 的治療,以降低其發生率。 方法:自 1996 年 9 月至 1998 年 9 月間,本科於小兒聽障特別門診中,經由對就診兒童 完整的病史紀錄、理學檢查、聽力檢查、抽血檢查及放射學檢查後,排除單純因為中耳積液 所造成的聽障病例,共整理出 164 例劣耳聽力閾值大於 25 dB 的聽障兒童,並就其可能的 病因作分析與統計。 結果:164 例病童中,男性 99 例,女性 65 例。造成聽障可能的原因,遺傳因素者(如: Waardenburg 氏症候群、Down 氏症候群)有 64 例( 39.0% ),胚胎因素者(如:德國麻 疹、水痘等胎內感染)有 11 例( 6.7% ), 週產期因素者(如: 缺氧、黃疸)有 11 例 ( 6.7 % ),產後因素者(如:細菌性腦膜炎)有 8 例( 4.9% ),不明原因者有 70 例 ( 42.7% )。 結論:幼兒聽障中約有六成( 57.3 % )的病童,其造成聽障的病因是可以被找到的;其中 以遺傳因素佔最多,可藉由周詳的產前檢查和諮詢來減少其影響。而由胚胎因素、週產期因 素以及產後因素所造成的聽障,大多數也是能夠加以預防的。 其他 4 成( 42.7 % )的病 童,則無法找出明確的病因。 另外再就幼兒聽障的高危險標示之觀點,有超過 5 成的病童 具有危險因子,我們可藉由對高危險群新生兒的聽力篩檢,得到早期診斷,並給予治療。 |
英文摘要 | Background: Hearing plays an important role in the development of language and learning ability in children. knowing the etiology of hearing loss in these patients may help us in making an early diagnosis and giving proper treatment. This study is to clarify the etiology of hearing loss in such children. Methods: From Sept. 1996 to Sept. 1998, we collected 164 children with hearing impairment. The patients with hearing threshold of any ear for more than 25db were enrolled in this study. Patients with hearing loss caused by serous otitis media were excluded. The etiology of hearing loss was analyzed. Results: One hundred and sixty four children, including ninety nine boys and sixty five girls, were studied. In sixty four cases (39%) the hearing loss was caused by genetic factors such as Waardenburg's syndrome and Down's syndrome. Eleven cases (6.7%) were due to embryopathic factors such as prematurity and intrauterine infection. Eleven cases (6.7%) were caused by perinatal factors such as hypoxia and hyperbilirubinemia. Eight cases (4.9%) were caused by postnatal factors such as bacterial meningitis. The etiology was not found in the remaining 70 cases (42.7%). Conclusion: The etiology could be identified in about 60% of children with hearing impairment. Careful perinatal check-up and counselling may reduce the incidence of hearing loss due to genetic factors as well as the other etiologies. The causes of hearing loss still could not be ascertained in 40% cases. Additionally, we found that in approximately one half of all cases, the high-risk register factors existed. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。