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題名 | 全語教學在小學實施的難題與策略=A Report of the Difficulties and Strategies of Implementing the Whole Language Approach in Two Elementary Classrooms in Taiwan |
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作者 | 沈添鉦; 黃秀文; Shen, Tien-cheng; Huang, Hsio-wen; |
期刊 | 國民教育研究學報 |
出版日期 | 19980600 |
卷期 | 4 1998.06[民87.06] |
頁次 | 頁35-67 |
分類號 | 523.34802 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 全語教學; 小學; 實施; |
中文摘要 | 本研究嘗試在小學實施全語教學,並從試驗的過程中,瞭解在國內實施全語教學 的難題,進而提出因應策略。本研究在一個嘉義鄉村的三年級班級和一個嘉義市區的五年級 教室,各進行了一個多學期的全語教學。本研究採用質的研究方法,以參與觀察、錄影、訪 問、作品蒐集等手段,進行資料蒐集;資料分析則以文字的描述性分析為主。 本研究發現在國內小學班級實施全語所遭遇的困難,主要包括:缺乏實務經驗,缺乏便 利的教學資源,國語課程與全語課程的衝突,時間的壓力,傳統與現實的束縛,全語的內涵 難以落實,以及高品質的小組互動模式有待建立等等。針對這些困難或問題,本文也提出了 因應方法的討論。在教學方面,本研究提出了三點建議:(一)全語教學必須強調全語的內 涵,而非活動的形式或硬體的設施。(二)推行全語必須加強觀念的溝通,改變教育的制度 與環境。(三)建立良好的互動氣氛與模式,培養學生主動負責任的學習態度。在研究方面 ,本研究提出三個未來後續研究的方向:全語教師的改變歷程;學生的寫作發展;以及全語 的應用研究。 |
英文摘要 | In this paper we report some difficulties encountered in the processes of implementing the whole language approach in a third grade classroom and a fifth grade classroom in Taiwan, where literacy education has long established a strong tradition in behaviorist beliefs and practices. Qualitative methods such as participant observation, video and audio taping interview, document analysis were used in data collection. Analysis of data was mainly descriptive. Some major difficulties we encountered include: lack of experiences and resources, time pressure, conflicts between whole language beliefs and practices and traditional beliefs and practices, superficiality in conducting whole language activities, and in some cases, lack of friendly and efficient group interaction structures. Measures for dealing with these problems are suggested and discussed in the paper. For educational practices we have the following suggestions: 1)In implementing whole language, the emphasis should be put on the realization of the whole language beliefs and principles, not on the form of instructional activities or the availability of certain facilities. 2)It is necessary to try to change the traditional beliefs and values about teaching and learning in the society so as to create a more friendly environment for whole language. 3)It is important to establish clear and supportive interaction structures in a classroom and to develop students' motivation to learn and sense of responsibility. For further research, we suggest that further research should be conducted to investigate the processes in which a teacher using traditional method changes into a whole language practitioner, to look into students' writing development, and to identify ways to efficiently implement whole language in Taiwan's elementary schools. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。