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題名 | 利用有機酸為抽出劑評估磷礦粉生物有效性之可行性=Feasibility of Organic Acids as Extractants for Bioavailability of Rock Phosphate Assessment |
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作者 | 張則周; 鍾仁賜; 林鴻淇; Chang, Tse-chou; Chung, Ren-shin; Lin, Hon-chi; |
期刊 | 科學農業 |
出版日期 | 19990300 |
卷期 | 47:3/4 民88.03 |
頁次 | 頁149-159 |
分類號 | 434.227 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 磷礦粉; 抽出劑; Neubauer栽培試驗; Rock phosphate; Extractant; Neubauer test; |
中文摘要 | 變動有機酸種類、抽提時間、溫度等條件對磷礦粉中有效磷的抽提,並將各種方法之抽出量與小麥磷吸收量求相關,以擇定適當的抽提法。實驗步驟是先將由臺灣肥料公司及市面上所購買的五種磷礦粉,經以二十、六十、一百(mesh)篩孔之篩子劃分成不同的粒徑,用六種抽出劑(中性或酸性檸檬酸銨,2%甲酸。2%檸檬酸以及1%和2%乳酸),抽提條件的組合是:?以五種磯礦粉一抽出劑比例(1:50,1:1OO,1:140,1:200,1:250);?兩種溫度(室溫,50℃);?兩種抽取時間(o.5小時,1小時)抽出磷礦粉中之磷。另以上述各種不同種類及粒徑之磷礦粉做Neubauer栽培試驗,以小麥為試驗作物,栽培三星期後,採地上部稱乾重並分析磷含量,其結男顯示: 1.磷礦粉中可抽出磷以750~260μm粒徑的抽出量最低,250~150μm或150~100μm者之抽出量較高。 2.六種抽出劑在一定條件下,以2%甲酸抽出之磷量最高,2%乳酸、2%檸檬酸、酸性檸檬銨及1%乳酸次之,中性檸檬酸(第一次或第二次抽取)最少。 3.五種磷礦粉與抽出劑比例中,磷抽出量隨抽出劑相對量之增加而增加。 4.振盪時間愈長,抽出磷礦粉中之磷量愈多,到1.5小時後抽出量不再增加,抽出值可達總磷量的60%。 5.除酸性檸檬酸加溫會提高抽出量外,以其他有機酸抽出者皆隨加溫而減少抽出量,因促使碳酸鈣鹽之溶解度相對變大,鈣與溶解之磷反應形成沈澱的效果。 6.在各種抽出條件中,以250~150μm粒徑的磷礦粉,以1:50之磷礦粉與2%檸檬酸或中性檸檬酸銨(第一次抽取)之比例,振盪O.5小時或一小時的抽出條件興Neubauer生物試驗法所測定之有效磷相關顯著,其餘相關均不明顯。 |
英文摘要 | Tnis research aimed at finding a reliable rapid chemical method for rock phosphate bioavailbaibility evaluation. Five Kinds of rock phosphate purchased from Taiwan Fertilizer Co. and market. Grounded rock phosphate were separated tnrough 20, 60, 100 mesh sieves into three fractions. Six kinds of extraotants :neutral ammonium citrate, acidic ammonium citrate, 2% formic acid, 2% citric acid, and 1% and 2% lactic acid; five rock phosphate/extractants (g/ml) ratios: 1/50, 1/100, 1/140, 1/200, 1/250; two temperature conditions; room temperature and 50 ℃ and two shaking durations (0.5, 1.0 hour). NeuOauer experiments using wheat seedlings were conducted. The wheat seedings were harvested 21 clays after seeding and the dry weight and the content of P were determined. The results are summarized as following: 1. The P extracted was lowest with the particle size between 750 ~ 250 μm in diameter. The larger the particle size, the less the P was extracted. 2. The P in rook phosphate extracted with extraotants: 2% formic acid > 2% iactic acid > 2% citric acid acidic ammonium citrate > 1% lactic acid > neutral ammonium citrate. 3. The P extracted increased with the increase of the relative volume of extractant to rock pnospinate, even- tually, extractable P was exhausted. 4. The extractaOle P increased with increasing snaking duration. Most extractants completed in shaking for 1.5 hours. The extractable P is about 60% of total P in rock phosphate. 5. The P extracted decreased with increase of temperature except with neutral ammonium citrate was due to that the calcium phosphate is the most stable salt at 50 ℃. 6. The extractable P from 250 ~ 150 μm rock phosphate powders extracted with 2% citric acid and with neutral ammonium citrate, with 1/50 (w/v) of rock paosplaate/extractant and snaking for 0.5 or 1.0 hour was closely correlated with Neubauer P availability. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。