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相關文獻
- Scarp Evolution of Fan Terraces Along the Lanyang River, Taiwan
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題名 | Scarp Evolution of Fan Terraces Along the Lanyang River, Taiwan=蘭陽溪沖積扇階崖演化模式 |
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作者 | 宋國城; 蔡衡; 傅炯貴; 齊士錚; 李沛然; Sung, Quocheng; Tsai, H.; Fu, J. K.; Chyi, S. J.; Lee, P. J.; |
期刊 | 中國地質學會會刊 |
出版日期 | 19981100 |
卷期 | 41:4 1998.11[民87.11] |
頁次 | 頁581-592 |
分類號 | 351.6 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 階崖; 演化模式; 地形定年; Terrace scarp; Evolutionary model; Morphological dating; |
中文摘要 | 本文主要建立在臺灣東北部蘭陽溪流域的沖積扇階之崖坡演化模式。 野外觀測資料顯示,年輕的階崖具有較高的自由面,而年老的階崖則有較大 的碎屑坡,自由面與碎屑坡的比例隨時間呈線性變化。從米摩登與夫布爾沖 積扇的定年資料推測,扇階階崖由自由面階段演化到被碎屑坡完全取代的階 段應在1000年以內,當階崖形成之初,自由面的坡度先是急遽的下降,逐漸 逼近一個定值;同時碎屑坡的坡度也急遽的上升,直到完全取代整個崖坡為 止。這種崖坡演化的形態,應屬非平行後退模式。 儘管臺灣與美國西部的氣候迥異,兩地崖坡演化的模式卻都類似,所不 同者,可能是因植被與風化條件引致不同之後退速率與安定坡角。蘭陽溪流 域所觀測到的碎屑坡坡度可高達45°,遠高於前人所常用的33°至38°,如此 一來,河階的地形定年法可藉此一發現改進定年結果的解析度。 |
英文摘要 | An evolutionary model of scarp slopes has been constructed for the Lanyang River area of northeastern Taiwan. In this area, younger terraces have higher free-face height/scarp height ratios than older terraces, while the latter have higher debris-slope height/scarp height ratios than the former. The time necessary for a slope to evolve from the free-face to the debris-slope stage is estimated to be less than 1,000 years for the Mimodan fan and the Fubur fan. When a scarp slope forms, its debris-slope angle initially increases exponentially, and then flattens when the debris slope takes over the entire slope. On the other hands, its free-face angle decreases exponentially and then approaches a constant. The slope evolution observed here is clos to the non-parallel retreat model. A general slope evolution model can be applied to terrace scarps of subtropical Taiwan as well as scarps in arid western American, in spite of climatic differences. Vegetation cover and weathering conditions on the scarps, however, may vary because of different climatic conditions. These different conditions can result in different rates of degradation and different repose angles. The angles of repose measured in the Lanyang River area for scarps without free-faces may be as large as 45°in contrast to those ranging from 33°to 38°proposed by previous works. The result may improve the resolution of morphological dating in river terraces. |
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