頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 蔗田永續栽培方法之研究--預措栽培與最少耕作法=The Study of Sustainable Cultivation System for Sugarcane Field:Advanced-Ridging Cultivation and Minimum Tillage |
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作 者 | 劉文徹; 李松伍; 張翊袖; 姚財寶; 陳芳; | 書刊名 | 臺灣糖業研究所研究彙報 |
卷 期 | 157 1997.09[民86.09] |
頁 次 | 頁43-58 |
分類號 | 434.717 |
關鍵詞 | 永續農業; 甘蔗; 甘蔗栽培; Sustainable agriculture; Sugarcane; Sugarcane cultivation; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 為適應目前台糖蔗園經營環境之改變,發展出一套工作簡化、把握農時、節省成 本,且能維持適當產量之耕作方法,是本研究之首要目的。蔗園甘蔗採收、犁地、耙平後, 四月底或五月初平面撒播每公頃50公斤之大豆綠肥,立刻作畦,八月畦溝底軟及種蔗,保 留畦頂大豆直到破畦(預措栽培法)。比較預措栽培法與慣用栽培法:公頃綠肥產量及氮之 生成量,後者高於前者,磷之鉀之生成量兩者之間無顯著差異。預措栽培區之土壤,硬度較 低,土壤保水力較高。在10公分及20公分深之株旁土壤硬度,預措栽培區分別為10-12, 22-25kg cm ,而慣用栽培區分別為11-24,25-28 kg cm 。10公分和20公分土層之含水 量,預措栽培區分別為15.2,15.6%,而慣用栽培區分別為13.7,14.1%。預措栽培區之蔗 苗較抗旱,不易遭受雨水沖刷埋覆。九月蔗齡之株數及十二月蔗齡之株高,預措栽培區較慣 用栽培區分別高出41%及34%。蔗產量及糖產量,前者高出後者19%及20%。即使預措栽 培區之綠肥費用高於慣用栽培區,但前者之淨種蔗費用要比後者節省經費約每公頃2,500- 5,000元。 |
英文摘要 | The objectives of this study are to improve sugarcane-field management in order to change the environment and to develop a sustainable cultivation system. The management is simplified in that it assures the optimum time for cane planting, and reduces cost while maintaining sugarcane yield. After the sugarcane was harvested, the field was plowed and harrowed. Fifty kilogram per hectare of soybean seed as green manure was broadcast sowed, and the ridge-making wa immediately followed in late April or early May. Planting bed soil was loosened, and the sugarcane was planted in August. The sowed soybean plants on mounds of ridges were kept. unitl the destruction of the ridges (advanced-ridging cultivation system). Comparing the advanced-ridging cultivation with the conventional cultivation, there was more green manure biomass, and more nitrogen produced in the latter than in the former. Releases of P and K from tissues of green manure were not significantly different between the former and the latter. The soil in the former treatment was much softer and had higher water retention characteristics. The hardness and water content in the 10-cm and 20-cm depth of soils near the sugarcane stubble were 10-12, 22-25 kg cm , and 15.2, 15.6% for the former; 11-24, 25-28 kg cm , and 13.7, 14.1% for the latte, respectively. Cane seedlings planted in the plot of advanced-ridging cultivation were much more resistant to drought during the dry season. No soil overcovering and erosion occurred in heavy rain. For the nine- month-old sugarcane, the advanced-ridging management was 41% higher in the millable stool; for the twelve-month-old sugarcane it was 34% higher in stalk height as compared to the conventional cultivation system. The cane and sugar yield for the former were higher than that in the conventional cultivation system, the net cultivating expense for the former was still less than the latter by about NT$2,500-5,000 ha . |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。