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題名 | 可呼吸性個人粉塵採樣器之現場測試研究=Field Test of Personal Respirable Dust Samplers |
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作者 | 蔡春進; 黃政雄; 蕭宏光; 石東生; Tsai, Chuen-jinn; Huang, Cheng-hsiung; Hsiao, Hung-kuang; Shih, Tung-sheng; |
期刊 | 勞工安全衛生研究季刊 |
出版日期 | 19980600 |
卷期 | 6:2 1998.06[民87.06] |
頁次 | 頁23-37 |
分類號 | 412.78 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | Marple個人多階衝擊器; 10mm尼龍旋風器; 可呼吸性粉塵; 旋風器; Marple personal cascade impactor; 10mm nylon cyclone; Respirable particulate matter; Cyclone; |
中文摘要 | 本研究主要目的在於評估新型旋風器與 10 mm 尼龍旋風器在工作場所測量可呼吸 性粉塵濃度之採樣誤差,以及在實驗室測試新型旋風器之最佳採樣流量。在工作場所測試時 , 以 Marple 個人多階衝擊器量測粉塵之粒徑分布,並根據新 ACGIH 規範算出可呼吸性粉 塵之標準值,以作為比較新型旋風器與 10 mm 尼龍旋風器測值準確性之參考。 首先在實驗 室測試 Marple 個人衝擊器各階收集效率與粉塵負荷之關係以了解各階截取氣動直徑變化的 情形,並作為工作場所測試時修正的依據。結果發現,以液體微粒方面,收集效率受粉塵負 荷之影響不大,而在固體微粒方面,收集效率隨粉塵負荷增加而降低。 現場測試結果發現,製釉廠粉塵粒徑分布 GSD 平均為 2.73, MMAD 平均為 11.1 μ m,在 不同風速下旋風器可呼吸性粉塵測值與 Marple 衝擊器標準值的平均比值為 1.133 ( 10 mm 尼龍旋風器)及 1.045 (新型旋風器)。 隨著風速由 0.8 m/s 增加至 2.3 m/s,旋風 器測值有較接近 Marple 標準值之趨勢。而 TSP 對可呼吸性粉塵比值影響不大。 鉛粉廠粉 塵粒徑分布 GSD 平均為 2.26,MMAD 平均為 4.82 μ m, 在不同風速下旋風器可呼吸性粉 塵測值與 Marple 衝擊器標準值的平均比值為 1.069 ( 10mm 尼龍旋風器)及 0.965 (新 型旋風器)。 而風速與 TSP 對可呼吸性粉塵比值的影響亦不大。 新型旋風器流量的最佳化研究,係經由理論及實驗驗證各流量下不同的收集效率,並求出與 新 ACGIH 規範的採樣偏差而決定之。 針對不同粉塵粒徑分布( GSD=2.5, MMAD=2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 μ m )計算最佳化的新型旋風器採樣流量。 結果發現隨著旋風器內部粉塵負荷 由 0 mg 增至 3 mg,最佳採樣流量由 1.8-2.0 L/min 減小至 1.6-1.7 L/min。 |
英文摘要 | The study is to evaluate the sampling bias of a new cyclone and a 10 mm nylon cyclon in field sampling. The optimal flow rate of the new cyclone was also tested in the laboratory. In field sampling, the Marple personal cascade impactor was used to measure the size distribution of dusts and the size distributions were used to calculate the standard RPM (Respirable Particulate Matter) concentration according a new ACGIH criteria. The effect of mass loading on collection efficiency for each stage of Marple impactor was tested in the laboratory as a measuring reference for field sampling. We found that mass loading has little effect on collection efficiency for liquid particles; while for solid particles, collection efficiency decreases as mass loading increases. In field sampling, the average GSD is 2.73 and the average MMAD is 11.1 μ m for the dust distribution in a glaze factory. The average ratio of RPM measured by cyclone to the standard RPM from Marple impactor is 1.133 (10 mm nylon cyclone) and 1.045 (new cyclone) at different wind speeds. As wind speed increases from 0.8 m/s to 2.3 m/s, the cyclone value approaches Marple impactor value. TSP has little effect on RPM ratio. The average GSD is 2.26 and the average MMAD is 4.82 μ m for the dust distribution in the lead factory. The average ratio of RPM measured by cyclone to the standard RPM from Marple impactor is 1.069 (10 mm nylon cyclone) and 0.965 (new cyclone) at different wind speeds. Different wind speeds and TSP have little effect on RPM ratio. As for optimization of the flow rate of new cyclone, we produced the collection efficiency curves theoretically and experimentally at different flow rates and used them to calculate the sampling bias according to new ACGIH criteria. Assuming GSD=2.5, MMAD=2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 μ m, the optimal flow rate ranges from 1.8-2.0 L/min to 1.6-1.7 L/min as mass loading ranges from 0 mg to 3 mg in the new cyclone. |
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