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題 名 | 論我國教師權利的保障與救濟=A Study on the Protection and Remedy for Teachers' Rights |
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作 者 | 林正順; | 書刊名 | 華梵學報 |
卷 期 | 4:1 1997.05[民86.05] |
頁 次 | 頁61-74 |
分類號 | 522.2 |
關鍵詞 | 教師; 特別權力關係; 私法契約關係; 申訴; 訴願; 訴訟; Teacher; Special-obligation relation; Private-contract relation; Appeal; Administrative appeal; Law suit; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 民國八十四年八月九日,總統以華總(一)義字第五八九○號令公布教師法,做為 教師權利與義務的基本規範。在教師法共九章三十九個條文中,分別明確規範教師的「資格 檢定與審定」、「聘任」、「權利義務」、「待遇」、「進修與研究」、「退休、撫卹、離 職、資遺及保險」、「教師組織」、「申訴及訟訴」等內容。檢視該法,對於政府保障教師 權益的努力與用心,確實應予肯定與鼓勵,惟依大法官會議釋字第三○八號解釋文及比較現 行國家法令對公務員獨立完整的人事制度保障,深感法令對學校教職員的保障 (尤其是私立 學校教職員 ) 仍有甚多不足之處,故為符實憲法及教師法精神, 強調教師法律身分雖未統 一詮釋為「特別權力關係」的「公務員」或「私法契約關係」的「約聘人員」之前,最基本 上,對教師權利的保障應同一般「人民」一樣,享有請願、訴願、及訴訟之權。其次,徒法 不足以自行,依教師法規定,配合現行法令釐清教師實質的權利與義務內容,當有助益保障 教師的工作與生活,並提昇教師的專業地位。再其次,有關教師權益的保障方式,除配合「 訴願法」、「行政訴訟法」及其他法令說明教師可以尋求救濟的途徑與應注意事項外,並依 民國八十五年八月十四日部頒之「教師申訴評議委員會組織及評議準則」提出教師申訴制度 之可行性與修正建議。最後,本文呼籲,早日建立一套獨立、完整的教育人員人事制度,始 為保障教師權利的根本之道。 |
英文摘要 | The Teacher's Law has been signed by President Lee on August 9, 1995, to be one of the fundamental law for educational institutes. In this law, teachers' rights and duties are regulated. There are nine chapters in the law, covering all issues concerning the qualification, employment, rights and welfare, duties, remuneration and compensation, researching, training, retirement, appeal and legal proceeding, organization, and so on. The law is a big step in protecting and regulating teacher's rights in our society. It is welcomed by the teachers and the public, but if we compare this law to other law concerning other civil servants, there are still a lot of details for us to do in order to really protect our teachers. The most important thing may be to include teachers from private school under this law, for in Act no. 308, the Committee of Grand Justices excludes teachers to be civil servants. This situation of the other employees of private schools is worse. Basically, the spirits of our constitution is to protect not only our teachers but everbody, but now some of our teachers are excluded from this basic human rights, such as petitions, lodging complaints, and legal proceedings. In this paper, I will introduce some details of the law and then try to find out some remedies for this situation. It is important for the moment to settle down what is a teacher's duties and what is his privilege. By doing so, the social position of teachers can be raised and their profession can be respected. Then I will write about how to protect the teacher's rights using the current laws of Appeal, Private Contract Relation, Employee Relation, Administrative Appeal, and Legal Proceeding Suit. According to the "Law for Organization of Teacher's Appeal Committee" issued in 1996, we urge that our government should build a more complete, undivided law to cover all issues of educational personnel. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。