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題名 | 電信自由化理論和實例探討=Theory and Example-Exploration on the Liberalization of Telecommunications |
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作者 | 高凱聲; Kao, Kai-sheng; |
期刊 | 經社法制論叢 |
出版日期 | 19970100 |
卷期 | 19 1997.01[民86.01] |
頁次 | 頁37-70 |
分類號 | 557.7 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 電信自由化; |
中文摘要 | 電信業務自由化、是國際化浪潮,世界各國電信經營環境目前已大幅度變革,其 中又以亞太地區變幅最大也最廣。面對逐步開放競爭環境,我國亦不自外於此一世界潮流, 爭議多時的電信三法已於今年 (85) 元月通過立法,接下來要如何適時採取自由化因應措施 ,實為政府當局、電信事業及相關業者值得深思之課題。 本文就電信改革情況作概括性介紹,主要以電信業務自由化之觀念和實務上的作法為重點, 並彙整世界性相關資料供參考。另外,再就亞太地區之印度、馬來西亞、紐西蘭及我國等電 信改革實例加以分析。由於我國地處亞太地區樞紐,了解當地自由化情況應是尋求商機之首 要任務,更何況我國在電信自由化進程上目前仍有學習努力之空間。本文摘要為: 一、電信自由化是世界潮流,無法加以抗拒,最務實之作法便是順應潮流加速改革俾獲致商 業利基。 二、電信自由化改革是全面性,不是僅更動電信組織而已,其涵蓋社會全面可說是整個國家 之問題,這也將攸關我國下一個世紀整個經濟社會生產力和競爭力之提昇,因此,不可等閒 視之。 三、我國電信自由化腳步雖已踏出,但比起亞太其他地區略晚。以業務開放程度做比較,也 略嫌不足。再者,管制機構及法令規章,仍在起步階段未臻完備。競爭雖不可避免但依電信 法或國外實例來言,第一類電信要步入完全競爭,有實質上困難最多只可能形成寡佔之態勢 而已。 四、我國電信業務採正面表列,面對技術進步、業務融合及市場競等情形下徒增管理之困擾 。國營電信公司股票未能上市買賣,無法匯集國內外民間資金投入電信建設,對國際化和公 平競爭將造成負面影響。五、發展臺灣成為亞太電信中心,是今後我國電信產業努力之目標 。但是環顧亞太地區許多國家都提出類似之計畫目標,競爭是非常殘酷的,我們唯有加速推 動或能搶得先機否則只好拱手讓人。自從去年 (84) 元月五日行政院第二四一四次院會通過 『發展臺灣成為亞太營運中心計畫』之消息披露後,舉國上下,朝野各界幾乎都將之視為近 年來最重要、 最具前瞻性的政府政策。 有關亞太營運中心 (ASIA PACIFIC REGIONAL OPERATION CERTER) 之建立,涵蓋範圍廣大,有主要係以自由化、國際化為目標。在營運中 心架構下,又可分為電信中心、航運中心、金融中心、製造中心及媒體中心等六大中心。在 前述各大中心內,電信中心又是另五大中心的基礎設施,可說是中心中的中心。電信中心就 電信服務中心,因此,電信中心的建立能否成功,又和其他五大中心息息相關。其次,電信 業務自由化、國際化浪潮的衝擊,世界各國電信經營環境目前已大幅度變革,其中又以亞大 地區變幅最大也最廣。面對逐步開放競爭環境,我國亦不自外於此一世界潮流,爭議多時的 電信三法已於今年 (85) 元月通過立法,接下來要如何適時採取自由化因應措施,實為政府 當局、電信事業及相關業者值得深思之課題。目前在行政院經濟建設委員會下成立有『亞太 營運協調服務中心』,加以強跨部會事務之溝通與協調,並提供國內外廠商最有效及可靠的 服務。一年多來國內電信經營環境業有大幅轉變,這和該中心努力運作有相當大的關係。然 而,許多人咸認在六大中心裡,電信中心雖極具重要性但因涉及科技面致最難理解。因此, 本文就電信改革情況作概括性介紹,主要以電信業務自由化之觀念和實務上的作法為重點, 並彙整世界性相關資料供參考。另外,再就亞太地區之印度、馬來西亞、紐西蘭及我國等電 信改革實例加以分析。由於我國地處亞太地區樞紐,未來發展無可限量,然而,我國經貿發 展既然是以亞太地區為主要腹地,電信市場亦不例外。如要介入本地區電信市場了解當地自 由化情況應是尋求商機之首要任務,更何況我國在電信自由化進程上目前仍有學習努力空間 。期望舉國上下在拓展市場之餘,亦能有他山之石可以攻錯之雅量,因此,本文想借此建立 起共識,使我國電信產業能蓬勃發展,亞太電信中心之理想早日實現。 |
英文摘要 | As the liberalization of telecommunications services is a global trend , currently the countries worldwide have reformed at large scale their operating environment of telecommunications, with the scale even larger and broader in Asia-Pacific region. Our country can not extricate herself from the global trend but face up to the competitive environment being gradually opened. As the three telecommunications bills, controversial for quite a time, were passed in January this year (1996), what lays ahead is to adopt countermeasures for liberalization at the most appropriate time, which deserves the thorough consideration from the authorities, telecommunications service providers, and related industries. This article, mainly focusing on the philosophy and actual measures adopted on the liberalization of telecommunications as well as collecting the world related data for reference, is to make a general introduction on the process and situation of telecommunications reform. In addition, there will be further analysis on the examples of telecommunications reform taking place in some Asia-Pacific countries, such as India, malaysia, New Zealand and R.O.C. It's a top priority for our country, geographically a hub of Asia-Pacific region, to learn the realization process of above said countries for seizing business opportunities, not to mention the spacious room still left to us for studying on the liberalization process of telecommunications. The following is the summary of the text. Ⅰ.The liberalization of telecommunications, a globall trend, is irresistible, and the best and most practical measure is to follow the trend and expedite reform to gain business profits (niche). Ⅱ.The telecom liberalization is not only transforming the telecom organization but something covering over-all aspects of a nation, a major key to the enhancement of the productivity and competitiveness of the whole economic society in next century. Ⅲ.Although we have made initial step towards telecom liberalization, the timing is a little bit later than the other countries in Asia-pacific region. Comparing with these countries, we are also running low on the degree of service deregulation. Furthermore, the establishment of the regulator as well as related laws and regulations in on the initial stage, still far from completeness. In the future, competition is inevitable, but referring to the Telecommunications Act as well as the examples from foreign countries there are substantial difficulties for the first type telecommunications industry to open to complete competition, for it, at most, may be only forming an oligopoly. Ⅳ.The telecom industry in our country is operating the services detailedly regulated, inter alia, on bills, which brought along extra puzzle when facing up to upgrading technologies, businesses convergence, and market competition. Under the fact that state-run telecom company is not permitted to make its public offering, resulting in the failure to collect capitals from both domestic and foreign private factor, it may cause negative effect on the goal of globalization as well as fair competition. Ⅴ.Developing Taiwan into an Asia-Pacific Regional Telecommunications Center is the goal that our country's telecom industry will be heading for henceforth. While many countries in Asia-Pacific region have presented such goal plan, the competition is expectedly very keen. We can do nothing but expedite the promotion for seizing the top opportunity or yield the precedence to others. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。