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題名 | The Impact of Patriarchy on Women Students' Participation in Higher Education in Taiwan=父權對臺灣女性學生參與高等教育之影響 |
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作者 | 凃雪娥; Tu, Sheur-er; |
期刊 | 高雄科學技術學院學報 |
出版日期 | 19991200 |
卷期 | 29 1999.12[民88.12] |
頁次 | 頁517-541 |
分類號 | 525 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 父權; 參與; 架構性障礙; 文化性障礙; Patriarchy; Participation; Structural barriers; Cultural barriers; |
中文摘要 | 我國在1947年所頒布的憲法第七條中已付與兩性平等的地位,即在法律上而言,臺灣女性學生似早已給與受教育的平等機會。然而事實上男女兩性在義務教育之後的參與,有學制愈高差距愈大的現象產生。 本研究首先是要探討的是知識份子以及年輕的學生們,對女性在高等教育中現況的瞭解狀況。其次,再探討造成兩性在參與大學以上教育時有明顯差異之因素。因此,針對此議題,筆者在台北及高雄面對面地訪談了一些相關人士:而在台南及高雄又另以問卷對150名的高中生和150名大學生進行調查工作。 從本研究的面談與問卷調查的結果發現,在高等教育中確實有架構性和文化性的障礙存在,因而影響女性參與高等教育的意願。本文主要是應用Walby之父權理論來說明臺灣女性的地位,因此所謂架構性障礙,是指公共領域之父權,存在於教育體系中,或去影響教育體系而導致女性無法參與高等教育的一種障礙。至於文化性的障礙則被定義為私人領域之父權,即緣自於個人對女性的認知,或社會對女性角色的期待及其實踐所造成的另一種障礙。 公共領域以及私人領域之父權,似乎對女性之能否參與高等教育,尤其是對進入研究所進修和發展女性個人事業有相當的影響力。因此,女性之能否參與高等教育,與其說是決定在生理上的差異,倒不如說是由社會之架構性和文化性條件來加以抉擇。 結論是,對女性而言,存在於高等教育的架構性和文化性障礙.可視為是公共領域以及私人領域之父權運作,因而限制了女性參與高等教育。 |
英文摘要 | Women and men are guaranteed equal rights by Article 7 of the 1947 Constitution. Under the law, women as students in Taiwan are given equal opportunities in education. However, it seems that discrepancies between women and men are found at the post-compulsory levels and this gap widens as the years of schooling increase. The first purpose of my study was to explore the extent of the understanding of both knowledgeable people and young students of women students' situation in higher education in Taiwan. The second purpose of my study was to investigate reasons for the gender differences in representation at the university level or higher. Therefore, face-to-face interviews took place in Taipei and Kaohsiung with a number of mature informants and a written questionnaire was administered in Kaohsiung and Tainan to 150 senior high school students and 150 university students taking different subjects. From the results of the interviews and written questionnaires in my study, there are two main sets of factors identified, structural and cultural barriers, influencing women's participation in higher education. According to Walby's (1990) dual systems theory of patriarchy applied to the position of women in Taiwan, structural barriers defined patriarchy in the public sphere as those within the education system or influencing it prevent Women from pursuing higher education especially ostgraduate programs. Cultural barriers defined patriarchy in the private sphere were those arising from beliefs about women, expectations for their role in Taiwan society and practices, which illustrates these. It seems that patriarchy in the private and public arena has strong effects on women's opportunities of participation in higher education especially postgraduate programs and on women's development of their own careers. While women share biological characteristics, their participation in higher education is culturally and structurally rather than biologically determined. In conclusion, bringing together both structural and cultural barriers on women's participation in higher education, it can be seen that both public and private patriarchy operate in Taiwan and constrain the higher education of women. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。