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題名 | 支架方式及每穴留株數對蔓性菜豆產量、品質及生產效益之影響 |
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作者 | 陳東鐘; 戴順發; | 書刊名 | 高雄區農業改良場研究彙報 |
卷期 | 7:1 1995.12[民84.12] |
頁次 | 頁37-49 |
分類號 | 435.291 |
關鍵詞 | 菜豆; 支架; 密度; 產量; 品質; 生產效益; Pole bean; Staking; Plant desity; Yield; Quality; Production Profit; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 高屏地區為本省蔓性菜豆主要產區之一,分春、秋兩作栽培。春作因病蟲嚴重危害,且採收後期適逢高溫,因而產量較低。農民慣用二支或四支交叉竹架及繫橫繩二支交叉竹架等三種支架方式予以栽培,每穴種植株數約4株,支架材料桂竹之取得日益缺乏及昂貴,且成本高又費工,管理及採收亦頗不便。有鑒於單網錏管直立架耐用且穩固,其資材瓜網及錏管取得較易,不同期作栽培之每穴最適留株數亦未探討,乃以台中一號為材料,三種慣行支架方式及單網錏管直立架等4種支架為主區,每穴留1、4、8、12、16及20株為副區,於82年秋作及83年春作進行試驗,探討兩因子對蔓性菜豆產量、品質及生產效益之影響,結果摘要如下: 秋作無論產量、合格莢率或莢長均較春作為優。供試4種支架方式中,單網錏管直立架每穴留4株以上時,均比其他3種慣行支架栽培方式高產,且隨種植密度之增加,產量遞增;春及秋作每穴留20株之公頃產量可達4.25及13.97公頓,分別較慣行二支交叉竹架每穴留4株處理增產28.0及86.6%。秋作合格莢率亦以單網錏管直立架較高,莢長則春、秋兩作均以單網錏管直立架較其他3種支架方式為長,至於其他性狀,包括嫩莢色澤、病蟲害、期作及處理間等均無顯著差異。生產效益方面,除秋作以單網錏管直立架,每穴種植16及20株處理可分別獲純收益每公頃10.4及12.8仟元外,秋作其他處理及春作所有處理之生產成本均高於產值。 由試驗結果可知,高屏地區栽培蔓性菜豆宜於秋作種植,其產量及品質顯著優於春作。春作生產無論以何種支架方式及種植密度均無利可圖,而秋作以單網錏管直立架每穴種植16株~20株,可有些許純利。 |
英文摘要 | Pole bean is mainly cultivated in Kao-Ping area in spring or autumn. In spring crop, because of serious insect pests and diseases damage and the effect of high temperature during late harvest period, the yield is generally low. There are three conventional crossed bamboo staking types with four bean plants together per hole are generally used by the farmers in this area. The bamboo material is getting expensive and hard to get. Thus, the purposes of this experiment were to study the feasibilify of using erect metallic tube staking with single net to replace bamboo stake, and the effect of number of plants per hole on yield and quality of bean. A pole bean variety "Taichung 1" was used with four staking types and six planting densities. The experiment was conducted at Chinan Experimental Branch Station in autumn of 1993 and spring of 1994. The experimental results were summarized as follows. The production of pole bean in autumn crop was better than that in spring crop including yield, length of bean, and rate of qualified tender pod. Yield from the treatment of erect metallic tube staking with single net combine with more than 4 plants per hole was higher than other conventional staking types. By using erect metallic tube staking with single net and planted 20 plants per hole had the highest yield, they were 4.25, 13.97 ton/ha for spring and autumn respectively. For the rate of qualified bean, a significant difference was found only in autumn crop. For the other characteristics, such as pod color, pest damage rate, length and weight of pod, no significant differences were found among the treatments. For profit it was found that production costs were higher than production values for all treatments in spring and antumn crops, except the treatment cultivated by erect metallic tube staking with single net. It is concluded that pole bean should be planted in autumn in Kao-Ping area which has higher yield and quality. No production profit will obtain in spring crop regardless of any staking type and plant desity, but low net income can be gained as cultivated by erect metallic tube staking with single net and 16~20 plants per hole in autumn crop. |
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