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題名 | 降雨事件分割之研究= |
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作者 | 張守陽; |
期刊 | 農業工程學報 |
出版日期 | 19950900 |
卷期 | 41:3 1995.09[民84.09] |
頁次 | 頁47-60+13 |
分類號 | 328.63 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 逐時雨量; 事件分割; 事件特性; Hourly rainfall; Event segregation; Characteristics of event; |
中文摘要 | 本研究主要分析逐時雨量之降雨特性與評估降雨事件之分割方法,以臺灣地區雨量記錄為應用對象,研析降雨事件之特性參數,以作為設計雨型之參考。 本研究考量降雨連續性、發生時期、降雨延時及降雨總量等條作進行降雨事件之分割。經研析後採總雨量大於中值總雨量之降雨事件,且於每年五月至十月之汛水期發生,事件中得以二小時之中斷降雨,以此條件分割降雨事件並分析其統計特性。主要成果如下: 各大小級序降雨於短延時降雨有明顯集中於某些時段之趨勢,而長延時降雨事件則均勻分佈於各降雨發生時刻。各事件最大降雨之時段隨事件之降雨延時增加而延後,說明不同降雨延時事件之降雨組體圖各具特性時間尺度,不適以某一延時事件降雨組體圖推求其它不同延時降雨事件組體圖。 多數雨量站逐時兩量一階序列相關係數R₁通過持續性檢定之事件比例雖不到五成,但其特續性仍不容忽略。長延時降雨資料之機率分佈可以常態分佈及對數常態分佈加以套配。由馬可夫一階歷程轉移機率矩陣主軸發現,t時間若為某一狀態值,於下一時段t+1時間產生同一狀態值之機率較大。 各降雨事件之降雨重心、尖峰降雨及尖峰時間之變異係數說明了各事件參數離散程度甚大,其中長延時事件尖峰降雨之發生時間並無規則可尋。 |
英文摘要 | This study intends to investigate the characteristics of hourly rainfall and to evaluate the segregation methods of rainfall events. The rainfall records of Taiwan area are applied to analyze the characteristic parameters of rainfall events for the recommendations of the rainfall pattern design. Four conditions, continuity, occurring period, rainfall duration and rainfall amount, are considered to segregate the rainfall events. Then, the segregation method is based on those rainfall events which amounts are greater than "median rainfall amount" from May to October (abundant period) in Taiwan. The rainfall events used for analyses can be selected from the rainfall discontinued within two hours. The main findings are as following: The long-duration rainfall events of every magnitude tend to distribute uniformly over the whole occurring period, while the short-duration rainfall events incline to concentrate their rainfalls on some time-segments in the period. Because the peak rainfall in a long-duration event occurs later than the short-duration one, every rainfall event has its unique time scale. It is therefore inadequate to derive the rainfall hyetograph from different duration ones. Finally, to have better understanding on the characteristics of rainfall events, statistic calculations such as persistent analyses and stochastic analyses are also performed. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。