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題名 | 國民小學有關「地球是一個環境的複合體」環境教育概念研究 |
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作者 | 全中平; | 書刊名 | 臺北師院學報 |
卷期 | 8 1995.06[民84.06] |
頁次 | 頁247-288 |
分類號 | 523.333615 |
關鍵詞 | 國民小學; 環境教育; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究計畫是針對「我國環境教育概念綱領草案」(周昌弘等,民80)中的綱 領一:「地球是一個環境的複合體:地球上的生物與非生物相互依賴,相互影響,故地球上 的資源應予保育,使所有的生物及資源都能共存」,研究國民小學學童對此概念認知情形, 並建立對國民小學有關「地球是一個環境的複合體」課程教學之概念架構。本研分兩階段步 驟實施:第一階段針對「地球是一個環境的複合體」綱領內容探討我國國民小學一至六年級 應納入教材的環境概念,以落實完成我國國小環境教育的路線。經由概念圖分析法及問卷調 查法,以台灣地區175所國民小學1081位國民小學教師為調查樣本,研究發展出包含37條環 境概念敘述(命題),這些概念敘述分別屬於八個主概念,這八個應該適合在國小六個年級 教學的主概念為(1)地圈概念,(2)生物圈概念,(3)大氣組成與生物群落間關係概念, (4)地球資源概念,(5)礦物資源的概念,(6)能源資源的概念,(7)生物資源的概念, (8)環境改變與人的關係概念。第二階段則根據第一階段研究結果所發展出的八個主概念下 37條概念敘述,再利用概念圖分析法及設計國小一至六年級學童對此有關概念的認知測驗, 經過效度與信度的審訂,此測驗共計施測三十九所國小,學童約9200名。經由統計分析,建 立國小一至六年級對「地球是一個環境的複合體」課程教學的概念架構;其中國小一年級的 環境概念教學為空氣含有氧氣及水為動植物生命所需,二年級為空氣汙染,三年級為動物會 排放二氧化碳及森林可以供應氧氣與木材,四年級為空氣中的二氧化碳過量會影響環境,以 及森林破壞會影響生物生長、人類生活、及地球環境,五年級為可再生資源、生物資源、及 有限資源,六年級為光合作用、水土保持、及地球需要生態系的管理。另外,都市、城鎮及 鄉村國小學童對此概念認知的差異隨年級遞增而逐漸沒有差異。 |
英文摘要 | The purposes of this study were to investigate the environmental concepts of the first outline in "The Framework of Environmental Concepts for the Republic of China"—"The Earth Is a Complex Environmental System, which indicates that there exist a series of complicated interactions between living and non-living organisms and how they are interrelated with each other.", to study what concepts elementary students knew, and to construct a structure for teaching "The Earth Is a Complex Environmental System" in elementary schools. The research process was divided into two sections. During Section One, concept maps and questionnaires were collected from a research sample of 1081 teachers in 175 elementary schools in Taiwan. By using cross-tabulation statistics method, eight main environmental concepts with 37 environmental propositions were developed for teaching young students from Grades 1 to 6 in elementary schools. These main concepts were (1)The Earth, (2)Biosphere, (3)Atmosphere and Community, (4)General Resource, (5)Mineral Resource, (6)Energy Resource, (7)Bio-resource, (8)Environ-mental Change and human Beings. During Seection Two, on the basis of the eight main environmental concepts with 37 environmental propositions, concept mapping method was used to confirm the concept structure and tests were designed for the students after validity and reliability being examined, and administered to about 9200 students in 39 elementary schools. Through statistical analysis, a concept structure about teaching "The Earth Is a Complex Environ-Mental System "from Grades 1 to 6 in elementary school was set up. In addition, significant cognitive differences found among students from city, town, and village school distincts about the concepts gradually decreased as their grades increased. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。