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題名 | 章學誠的「比興與取象」說探微 |
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作者 | 王義良; | 書刊名 | 高雄師大學報 |
卷期 | 6 1995.03[民84.03] |
頁次 | 頁185-197 |
分類號 | 820.1 |
關鍵詞 | 比興與取象; 章學誠; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 前人推重章學誠,皆因其史學方面的成就,殊不知其學之旨趣義理誠在 文史間,尤其是建構在箴砭乾嘉文風基礎上的文論,其開通透闢的卓識,體大思 精的理論系統,可堪揚榷稱述者最多。本文僅摘出其論比興與取象的部份加以析 究,藉此以略窺其文學理論之一二。 本文除前言與結論外,計分成四小節。首先界定其所謂象與取象的意義。蓋章學 誠的「由象見道」「以象達意」與一般談文藝創作所謂的藝術形象、形象思維同 中有異。其次則從存在範疇與意識範疇兩方面,去探究章學誠所謂的「天地自然 之象與人心營構之象」,及二者相互依存之關係。再次,則從戰國文章善用物象 構思、寓言託諷、比興取象等現象,進一步推闡章學誠所謂的「深於比興印深於 取象」的內涵實質。最後則對其"「以象為教」的論斷,提出個人見解。並且總 結出其全部論說之勝處與不足處在:能吻合文藝創作過程中,營構藝術形象的實 際;能認識到「情之變易」為主客體統一的關鍵;能將文學藝術的作用與社會歷史 的發展,聯繫起來思考;能認識到從「學於萬彙」的積累、擴大、深化的生活實 踐上,去呈現文學形象的可感性、概括性等等。其失則在疏乎了漢代賦家賦、此 文相為用的歷史事實,在教化功能的考量偏多,以致對文藝構思的實際,較無確 切的把握等。 |
英文摘要 | Chang Shih-Chai is respected mainly because of his achievement inthe study of history. However, I find that his accomplishment actuallylies in his literary criticisms on Ch'en-Chia literature and his insightsand theories are inspiring and worthy of discussions. In this paper, Iwill discuss his usage of analogy, irony and imagery. Besides introduction and conclusion, this paper contains foursections. At the beginning I try to define Chang's imagery and imagesselection which differ in some ways from traditional literary definitions. Secondly, from the aspects of reality and consciousness, I explore therelationships of Chang's " natural images " and " artificial images.Thirdly, selecting literary works of the War Periods which are excellentin imagery and irony, I, thus, intend to suppport Chang's theory aboutthose who are good at analogy and irony a"re good at selecting images.Finally, I comment on Chang's " teaching with imagery " theory andindicate out its merits and demerits. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。