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題名 | 梨低溫需求量之比較及其對產量的影響= |
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作者 | 倪正柱; 胡澤寬; |
期刊 | 農林學報 |
出版日期 | 19950300 |
卷期 | 44:1 1995.03[民84.03] |
頁次 | 頁19-27 |
分類號 | 435.312 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 低溫需求量; 梨; 休眠; Chilling requirement; Pear dormancy; |
中文摘要 | 本研究目的有二:一在於調查並證明台灣冬季高溫對栽培於中高海拔地 區日本梨產量的不利影響。二在於比較台灣目前所擁有的重要品種,包括砧木及 雜交育成新品系,其低溫需求量,以作為降低海拔高度栽培的參考,以及寄接梨 栽培時高光合效率的碳源供應者。 1987-1988年是個極不尋常的暖冬,造成日本梨花芽延遲萌發或死亡,著果率偏 低,因而導致嚴重減產。"長十郎"品種減產95、新興梨減產90,栽培面積最大的 "新世紀"梨,平均減產60,只有 "菊水"品種影響較少。以人工低溫補償自然低溫 之不足.證明能恢復原有開花率及產量。因此冬季低溫累積量可作為產量預測之 用。 在低溫需求量比較方面,台灣野梨(Pyrus koehnei)在台灣中部低海拔生育呈次常 綠,海拔2000公尺為常綠;橫山梨在低海拔為落葉性,低高海拔移動則為次常綠, 2000公尺高海拔落葉時間為接近常綠;松茂梨低溫需求量約700CU,4029約 800CU,其他日本梨都在1000CT以上。 |
英文摘要 | The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of air temperature fluctuation inwinter on the yield of Japanese pears grown in the high altitude regions of Taiwan. The winter of 1987-1988 was unusually warmer than average. The deficiency of chillingcaused bud break delay, flower bud abortion and poor fruit .set. The yield of "chojuro" was 5and "Shinseiki" was 40 of normal yield. There was no significant yield reduction in thosecultivars with low chilling requirements. An experiment with artificially chilled buds confirmed that low yields resulted from alack of winter chilling. Inadequately chilled "Shinkow" pear buds were collected from trees andstored for 14 days at 35 ℃ for chilling compensation. These buds produced normal yields after being grafted on "Heng-Shan" pear trees. It is proposed that the yield of Japanese pears can be predicted from a chilling indexbased on temperatures during the dormant period of crops. The chilling requirement of some rootstocks and cultivars is significant different. Thevarieties from subtropical area have lower chilling requirement (50 ~ 800 CU) while mostJapanese pears have higher chilling requirement over 1000 CU. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。