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題名 | Reponse of Cotton Plants to Aldicarb Soil Application=土中施用Aldicarb後棉花植株生長的反應 |
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作者 | 朱昌祺; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 167 1994.09[民83.09] |
頁次 | 頁75-90 |
分類號 | 434.617 |
關鍵詞 | Aldicarb殺蟲劑; 葉片溫度; 葉片蒸散量; 葉片水分含量; 光合作用; 棉株反應; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 殺蟲劑aldicarb的藥效早有詳細的報導。但棉花對於aldicarb施用後植物生長的反應記載不多。本文報告1990和1991兩年在美國南加州皇帝谷有灌溉沙漠地區研究的結果。1990年的aldicarb施用量為有效成份2.02公斤/公頃,1991年則為2.52公斤/公頃。施用時間為棉株開花早期。1990年調查植株反應項目有土壤0-80公分深度植根根系的密度(長度和乾重),葉片溫度,蒸散量和水份含量,光合作用,成熟棉鈴的數量和棉花產量。1991年調查的項目和1990相若。但側根根系的測定則僅及於土層中40公分的深度,同時也調查主根的重量。結果顯示施用aldicarb後,在20公分土層中,棉株側根根系密度較不施者為高,主根重量亦高。施用aldicarb的植株,葉面蒸散量較高,葉片中水份含量較低,葉片溫度也低。施用aldicarb後,棉花產量較不施者1990年高73%,1991年高31%。 |
英文摘要 | The insecticidal activity of aldicarb (Temik) [2-methyl-2-(methylthio) propionaldehyde-O-(mehtylcarbamoyl) oxime] has been extensively documented but less is known regarding its effect on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plant growth. Aldicarb was applied to field grown cotton at 2.02 and 2.52kg [ai] /ha in 1990 and 1991, respectively, at squaring to first flower stages of plant growth. Lateral root length density was determined in increments of 20 cm, to a depth of 80 cm from the soil surface in 1990 and 40 cm in 1991. Tap roots were sampled in 1991. Aldicarb-treated plants had larger lateral root systems than untreated plants at soil depths of 0-20 cm from the soil surface on the cotton bed. Tap root weight was also higher in aldicarb-treated plants compared to untreated cotton. Aldicarb increased lint yields 73% in 1990 and 31% in 1991 compared to untreated plants. Cotton plant leaf temperatures, transpiration, leaf water potentials, leaf area indices, and photosynthesis measurements were significantly correlated to in creased cotton plant root growth in plants treated with aldicarb. |
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