查詢結果分析
來源資料
相關文獻
- Transitivity and Verb Classification in Pre-Qin Chinese
- 日本語教育のための日中アスぺワトの對照研究
- 日本語シテイル形の基本的用法に対応する中国語の一考察
- 項構造と主題関係の観点から見た日本語の主語の意味內容と統語機能
- 黑水縣沙石多嘉戎語動詞人稱範疇的特點
- Transitivity and Two-way V-O Compound Verbs in Mandarin Chinese
- 日本語教授法における動詞の分類の導入--台湾の学習者を中心に
- 上古到中古「來」在構式中的演變
- Verb Classes in Thai
- Optional Ergativity with Unergatives in Punjabi
頁籤選單縮合
題名 | Transitivity and Verb Classification in Pre-Qin Chinese=先秦動詞的及物性與動詞分類 |
---|---|
作者 | 劉承慧; | 書刊名 | 中山人文學報 |
卷期 | 2 1994.04[民83.04] |
頁次 | 頁115-139 |
分類號 | 802.632 |
關鍵詞 | 及物性; 先秦; 動詞; 動詞分類; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本文探討先秦動詞中「及物」的概念,並嘗試以及物性來區分動詞類別。 先秦動詞及物與否與動詞所帶論元的數目沒有對等關係,「及物性」在先秦漢語 純屬語義概念的範疇。及物動詞最明顯的概念特徵是動作的傳遞。凡指涉可傳遞 動作的動詞,基於傳遞意念的表達需要,自然帶有兩個必要論元,一在主語位置, 一在賓語位置。凡詞義無涉動作傳遞的動詞都是不及物動詞。有些不及物動詞習 慣上就要求一個必要論元,有些總是帶著兩個必要論元。不及物賓語論元和及物 賓語論元的差異在是否擔任傳遞的目標。及物動詞表達可傳遞的動作,其賓語論 元自然充任傳遞的目標;不及物動詞無關傳遞,其賓語的的主要功能在限定動詞 所指稱事件的範圍。及物性雖止於抽象的概念,不曾明白反映在特定的語法結構 中,這個概念卻直接支配了很重要的「使動程序」。原則上不及物動詞能夠自由 通過使動程序而轉化為使動動詞,及物動詞通常是不允許轉化為使動動詞的。使 動動詞與動作的傳遞無關,因此在概念上仍屬於不及物一類。便動動詞最明顯的 概念特徵是結果狀態。單憑外表形式,我們不容易嚴格區別使動的和及物的主 語、賓語,唯有從動詞與其論元相互之間的語義聯繫著眼,才能劃分清楚。 |
英文摘要 | This paper is concerned with classifying Pre-Qin verbs ir- iermsof transitivity. We first clarify a fallacy of analysis by whichtransitivity is linked with verbs that take two participants. Numberof participants is irrelevant to the distinction of high transitivityverbs and low transitivity verbs. Transitivity seems not formallyencoded in Pre-Qin Chinese. The concept about transitivity,however, is significant to verb classification. It is a distinct propertyof low transitivity verbs that they are liable to go through aproductive grammatical process of causativization and convert intocausative verbs. High transitivity verbs are unfit for the process.Transitivity in the language at issue is conceptually associated withtransferring of dynamic actions from potent and volitional agents toaimed entities. Owing to the concept of transferring, high transitivityverbs normally require two participants, one expressing the agent,and the other, the target. Low transitivity verbs in their non-derivedforms are never involved in any transferring of dynamic actions.Causative verbs, the derived forms of low transitivity verbs, surfacein a formation similar to high transitivity verbs. The differencebetween high transitivity verbs and causative verbs also lies on theforce of. transferring. Causative verbs never indicate strong senses oftransferring. The concept of causativity is related to resultative statesthat the objects of causative verbs ultimately change into. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。