頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | Effects of Double-layered Plastic Greenhouse on Cultivation of Tomatoes=雙層塑膠溫室對蕃茄培育及病害發生之效應 |
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作 者 | 吳文希; 吳中興; | 書刊名 | 國立臺灣大學農學院研究報告 |
卷 期 | 32:3 1992.09[民81.09] |
頁 次 | 頁179-193 |
分類號 | 435.272 |
關鍵詞 | 病害; 培育; 塑膠; 溫室; 蕃茄; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 雙福品種之蕃茄在以泥炭土、蛭石及醱酵豬糞堆肥混合所配製而成的盆 栽介質中,比在其它盆栽介質中的發育良好,待幼苗長出第四真葉時,將之移植 於15公分直徑的塑膠盆中,然後轉移至兩棟雙層塑膠溫室及室外,每一環境下, 每次實驗各置500盆;兩棟溫室中,有一棟的相對濕度較高,稱之為A溫室;相對濕 度較低者,稱之為B溫室。冬天時溫室內的溫度比室外高;而夏天時,室內則比室 外低溫;在夏天時,溫室內的溫度和光線強度呈顯著(p=0.05)相關,如遮陰網蓋住 A溫室後,在夏天可使室內溫度低至26.1℃,而室外平均為32.2℃。蕃茄在A溫室 中生長旺盛,而且株高在冬季栽種者及夏季栽種者均比B溫室中及室外的蕃茄 高,而且A溫室中的蕃茄葉片之大小及數目均比B溫室及室外者大及多:雖然蕃茄 的著果數比室內者多一倍,但單一果實的重量,則是A溫室中者比室外者重66。 當蕃茄生長過程中,於冬季時,在室外的蕃茄普遍地罹患灰黴及菌核病,但室內 的蕃茄卻未罹患菌核病;白粉病全年均可發生在室內及室外的蕃茄上,但在夏天 的病情會比冬季時嚴重。Phytophthoracapsici可以造成蕃茄的根及葉腐,它在夏季 時比冬季時容易感染植物,在A溫室中,當此病原感染蕃茄之先,分別噴灑15,16, 及24號分離株之拮抗細菌,可以顯著地(p=0.05)有效防治此病原引起之病害,此 防治效應在溫室中比室外的環境下明顯 |
英文摘要 | Tomato seedlings (cv. Double Fortune) developed quite well inpotting mix (mixture of vermiculite, peat, and composted swinemanure) as compared to growth from other container media. Followingtransplantation, 3,000 tomatoes were cultivated in two double-layeredplastic greenhouses and an open field. Greenhouse A possessed ahigher relative humidity than those of greenhouse B and open field.The temperatures in both greenhouses were higher in winter andspring and lower in summer than outdoors. The temperaturesignificantly (p=0.01) correlated with the light intensity. When sunscreen was covered on greenhouse A, the temperature was reduced to26.1 C compared to 32.2 C in the field in the summer. Tomatoes grewmuch vigorously and higher in greenhouse A than in greenhouse Band outdoors. Tomato plants in greenhouse A had a larger leaf sizeand more number of leaves than the plants growing in greenhouse Band outdoors. Although the number of fruit setting on the plants atoutdoor was one time more than the plant growing in thegreenhouses, fruit weight from the plants growing in greenhouse Awas 66 heavier than from the plants growing at outdoor. Variousdiseases occurred on tomatoes during its growing stage. Gray mold,Sclerotinia stem and fruit rot occurred rather frequently in the field inwinter, whereas, no Sclerotinia rot was found in greenhouses. Powderymildew occurred all year-round in greenhouses and field. This disease,however, became severe during the summer time. PAytopAtAora capsscJcaused root rot and leaf blight of tomatoes and was applied as amodel of disease control. This pathogen infected plants more readily insummer than in winter. Applying antagonistic bacteria (isolates =15,#16, #24) was able to significantly control this pathogen (p=0.05) ingreenhouse A. The efficiency of disease control apparently becamemore pronounced in greenhouse than outdoors. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。