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題名 | 黃棕壤新埔系與造橋系土壤特性與成育之研究= |
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作者 | 朱惠民; |
期刊 | 中華農學會報 |
出版日期 | 19690900 |
卷期 | 67 1969.09[民58.09] |
頁次 | 頁58-69 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 土壤特性; 造橋系; 黃棕壤; 新埔系; |
中文摘要 | 本研究目的為探討本省發育於上新更新世顗嵙山層砂岩、頁岩母質之新埔系與造橋系土壤成育其分類之地位,以作為本省西部低丘陵地帶是類土壤將來實行新分類(第七草案)時之參考,結果摘要如下: 新埔系與造橋系之母質均鬆軟,土壤剖面尚深厚,惟層次發育不明顯,構造體弱,土色偏黃棕,無粘土膜之生成,B層之粘土量雖比A層為多,但與C層比較,則差異甚少,有機質甚低,且隨深度而減少,置換鹽基與陽離子置換能量及飽和度均低,全量之鐵鋁鎂與鉀隨土壤深度而增高,矽則反是,粘粒中之鐵鋁略有向下移動之現象,游離鐵頗低,細粘土在B層者略高於其他各層次,細矽與粗坋砂中之雲母與長石之含量仍甚多等理化性質,顯示此二土系曾受劇烈之機械淋洗,而僅具輕微灰化作用,尚無質地B層之形成,僅呈不同程度淋洗層次而已,至於其高滲洗值與殘留多量之雲母與長石,示土壤之風化程度尚甚幼稚,依HARRIS式之分類,可歸屬於Sol brun acide,若依美國第七草案之分類方法,則為具Ochric epipedon與Cambic horizon 診斷層次之土壤,從其診斷層次之性狀與氣候環境予以分類,可歸屬於Inceptisol 土綱,Ochrept 亞綱,Dystrochrept大土類與Ryptic Alfic Dystrochrept 亞類。 |
英文摘要 | Morphological and physico-chemical studies on the representative profiles of Shin-pu series and Tsao-chiao series were carried out. The results may be citied as follows: These two soil series have been derived from softy sandstone and shale of Tokazan formation of Pliocene-Pleistocene on rolling hills of Northern Taiwan and were formerly classified as Yellowish Brown Lateritic Soils. Shin-pu series comprises sandy loam topsoil and clay loam bottom soil, it is yellowish brown in color with white and strong brown patches in the lower part of the profile, while Tsao-chiao series comprises sandy loam topsoil and sandy clay loam bottom soil and it is strong brown in color with big yellowish red patches in the lower part of the profile. In other words, Tsao-chiao soil is lighter in texture and is redder than Shin-pu soil. Besides these characters, both of them are quite similar morphologically and physico-chemically. Moderately deep sola of them do not show significant differential horizons. They have low organic content, low exchangeable bases and base exchange capacity, and weakly blocky structures. In judging the clay content of A horizon being significantly lower than that of B, but no significant difference of clay content being found between B and C horizons, and the absence of clay skin in the profiles; amounts of clay have been leached out of the topsoils of both series without singificant deposition in the lower part of the profiles. Concerning soil formation, total composition shows that sesquioxides are gradually increased with depth, while the distribution of silica is reverse, and the composition of clay fraction reveals a slight movement of sesquioxides down to B21 or B22 horizons. A similar trend of free iron movement is observed too, even though their content is rather low. In addition, fine clay content of B horizons is higher than any other horizons. These facts mean that Shin-pu and Tsao-chiao soils have heen subjected to processing of mechanical leaching and slight podzolization without the formation of texture B horizon. About the degree of weathering, the presence of large amounts of weatherable minerals in fine sand and silt fractions with little horizon differentiation in the profile and the β values being higher than those of Podzols indicate the very low degree of weathering of these soil series and they are still remained in the young stage of podzolization. In referring to the above statements and according to the suggestion of S.A.HARRIS Shin-pu and Tsao-chiao series may be classified as Sol Brun Acides, but if the 7th approximation will be followed, they shall be put in the catalog of Ruptic Alfic Dystrochrept because these soils contain ochric epipedon and cambic horizon with more than 35% of base saturation, and other characteristics mentioned above. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。