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題 名 | 宋王臺文化景觀與香港的歷史記憶流變=The Development of Sung Wong Toi as a Cultural Landscape and a Place of Memory in Hong Kong |
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作 者 | 韓子奇; 陳學然; | 書刊名 | 中國文化研究所學報 |
卷 期 | 77 2023.07[民112.07] |
頁 次 | 頁121-170 |
分類號 | 673.8 |
關鍵詞 | 宋王臺; 文化景觀; 歷史記憶; 前清遺老; 冷戰香港; Sung Wong Toi; Cultural landscape; Historical memory; Qing loyalists; Cold war Hong Kong; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
DOI | 10.29708/JCS.CUHK.202307_(77).0004 |
中文摘要 | 對香港居民或訪港旅客而言,位於九龍灣畔的「宋王臺」是一座著名文化景觀。但很多人不了解,「宋王臺」其實包含了兩個不盡相同的回憶系統:「宋王臺石刻」和「宋皇臺公園」。儘管兩者都與抵抗蒙古、保衛宋室的歷史有關,但兩者的時代背景與文化内容都有分別。扼要來説,「宋王臺石刻」是1911年後清朝遺老和南來文人雅士緬懷文化歷史、追尋身份意識以至建立精神價值的思想場域。而「宋皇臺公園」則是1950年代香港政府聯同趙族宗親總會一起建立的「冷戰下香港」的文化符號,一方面鼓勵市民(尤其是難民)努力工作,找尋新路;另一方面順應冷戰的二元對立局面,把香港納入西方陣營,建立「東方的柏林」的新形象。本文比較這兩種回憶系統的異同,並將集中以下兩點:第一,溯尋「宋王臺」如何由一塊巨石變成文化景觀;第二,探討歷史記憶如何構成共享空間,時局的轉變如何影響記憶系統與文化景觀的功能轉變。藉着上述討論,我們發現,前清遺民圍繞「宋王臺」所抒發的故國黍離悲思、憂時感國、忠臣死節、守護正統、不屈不撓的悲烈抗爭精神,成為了一種標誌,被不同年代不同背景的人所召喚和紀念,藉以塑造自身的政治或文化立場,建構身份認同。到了冷戰期間,因地緣政治與香港社會的變化,前清遺老抵抗蒙古、保衛宋室的抗爭精神,在冷戰下的二元對立格局中得以投射。而遺老的憂時感國、忠臣死節精神,則通過傳統中國花園的面貌,時刻向來往於此的人們訴説抗爭精神的當代意義。總的來説,從「宋王臺石刻」到「宋皇臺公園」的變化,向人們展示了二十世紀香港歷史的複雜性、多元性和多變性。 |
英文摘要 | To many visitors to Hong Kong, Sung Wong Toi (or Song Emperor's Terrace) is a tourist spot located in Kowloon City. But for many locals, particularly the sensitive souls, it has been a potent symbol to evoke a collective memory, a unique identity, and above all, a vision for the future. Based on Henri Lefebvre's threefold meaning of space-the perceived, the conceived, and the lived-this paper examines the complex process through which a barren rock on the Sacred Hill was transformed into the centrepiece of a locale where the Qing loyalists remembered the "benevolent rule" of the Manchu dynasty, a "place of memory" to celebrate Chinese nationalism during the Second World War, and a splendid Chinese garden to "win hearts and minds" at the high noon of the Cold War. By tracing the intricate steps and strategies by which Sung Wong Toi was repeatedly constructed as a spatial signifier, this paper shows the variety of forces that had shaped the politics and society of Hong Kong between 1911 and 1997. As Sung Wong Toi today becomes the name of a metro station in Hong Kong, we should reflect on its past and ponder its future role in the collective identity of Hong Kong people. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。