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題名 | 臺灣常見中藥及其廢棄物經Aspergillus oryzae NCH-42固態發酵處理對其機能性成分之研究=The Study on Functional Ingredients of Common Chinese Herbs and Their Waste Residues with Solid State Fermentation of Aspergillus oryzae NCH-42 |
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作者 | 陳錦樹; | 書刊名 | 中醫藥年報 |
卷期 | 光碟版1:10 2012.10[民101.10] |
頁次 | 頁427-477 |
專輯 | 中醫藥產業應用開發 |
分類號 | 418.5 |
關鍵詞 | 固態發酵; 生物轉化; 中藥藥渣; Aspergillus; Solid-state fermentation; Bio-transformations; Chinese herbal residue; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究利用微生物所具有生物轉化之特性,首先篩選分離出可經誘導分泌高單寧酶活性之 Aspergillus oryzae NCH-42為試驗菌株,分別接種於厚朴、金銀花、括樓仁、甘草及丹蔘之藥渣進行固態發酵,並探討較適發酵條件及發酵前後中藥藥渣機能性之變化。期望能增加中藥藥渣之利用率,並為發酵中藥研究提供新的製備方法。 首先參考王等(2001)之培養方法,觀察 Asp. oryzae NCH-42於各藥渣之生長狀況,並以洋菜擴散法進行抑菌能力分析後,挑選發酵後抑菌能力仍可維持或增加之五種中藥渣;續分別於 30℃、40℃與 50℃,以水量比 1:5、1:6及 1:7(w/v)進行發酵五天,探討培養前後各甲醇萃取物(10 %,w/v)抑菌能力之變化。 第二部份研究則針對其抗氧化能力如 DPPH清除自由基能力、螯合亞鐵離子能力、還原力與總抗氧化能力等等項目進行試驗,並分析各發酵藥渣之總多酚以及單寧含量,再以 HPLC進行酚類物質成分變化之探討,了解五種發酵中藥渣機能性相關之變化。最後將發酵藥渣萃取物進行細胞存活率測定 (cell viability) MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazoloumbromide) assay以及一氧化氮 (NO)濃度測定。 研究結果顯示, Asp. oryzae NCH-42均能以各藥渣為生長基質,且於 30℃下、添加水量比為 1:6進行發酵五天後,對七株受測病原菌可得較廣泛之抑菌譜。其中金銀花與括樓仁經發酵後可提升其甲醇萃取物抑制革蘭氏陰性菌之能力,尤其對 Escherichia coli BCRC10675明顯增加抑制能力。而各中藥渣經發酵後之抗氧化能力以及總多酚含量亦均有不同程度之提升,顯示經 Asp. oryzae NCH-42轉化後可提高藥渣中機能性成分之釋出。藥渣發酵前後甲醇萃取物之單寧含量測定方面,經發酵後均可降低藥渣中單寧含量。此外,經 HPLC分析圖譜顯示發酵後甘草藥渣可得較高濃度之 myricetin、金銀花藥渣可得較高濃度之 caffeic acid、丹蔘藥渣可得較高濃度之 Rutin,由此可知藥渣經 Asp. oryzae NCH-42發酵後,具有提升再利用之效果,亦使發酵中藥於醫療業及食品工業中的發展中能開闢出新的研究領域。 |
英文摘要 | The characteristic of microbial bio-transformation was used in this study. Aspergillus oryzae NCH-42 which was an extracellular tannase-producing fungus was isolated as test strain and inoculated on residues of Magnolia officinalis, Lonicera japonica Thunb., Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, Glycyrrhizae radix and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, respectively and proceeded solid state fermentation to optimize the fermentation condition and monitor the effect on functional property of Chinese medicine residues after fermentation. The increase on utilization of Chinese herbal residues and providing a novel preparation method for research in Chinese herbal fermentation were expected in the study. According to the incubation method of Wang et al. (2001), the growth condition of Asp. oryzae NCH-42 in each residue was observed. After analysis of antimicrobial activity with agar diffusion method, five residues of Chinese medicine which showed the stable or raising antimicrobial activities were selected and fermented for 5 days at 30, 40 and 50℃ with the water ratio of 1:5, 1:6 and 1:7 (w/v), respectively to investigate the effect of antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts (10%,w/v) after incubation. The effects on functional properties in five residues of Chinese medicine were investigated in the second part of the research with the study of antioxidant activity of DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, chelating activity on Ferrous ions, reducing power, total antioxidant activity, the contents of total polyphenols and tannins, and the effect on the phenol ingredients using HPLC system. The analysis of cell viability using MTT assay and NO concentration were also tested with the extracts of fermented residues. The results revealed that each herbal residue could be utilized as the growing base of Asp. oryzae NCH-42, and showed wide antimicrobial activity of seven pathogenic bacteria at 30℃ with the 1:6 of water ratio after 5 days fermentation. The antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.to Gram negative bacteria especially Escherichia coli BCRC10675 could be enhanced after fermentation. The antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content were also raised in each residue of Chinese medicine. These results revealed that more functional ingredients were released from each residue after microbial bio-transformation of Asp. oryzae NCH-42. In the study of tannin content, it showed the lower tannin contents in methanol extracts of fermented herbal residues. Furthermore, the HPLC chromatograms showed that higher concentrations of myricetin from residue of Glycyrrhizae radix, caffeic acid from residue of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and Rutin from residue of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge were observed after fermentation. These results revealed that the fermentated herbal residues with Asp. oryzae NCH-42 could increase the utilization of Chinese medicine, and develop a new research sector in the medical and food industry. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。