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題名 | 馬克思倫理觀的析評=Marx, Morality and Ethics--An Analysis of One of the Major Issues of Contemporary Marxology |
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作者 | 洪鎌德; Hung, Lien-te; |
期刊 | 中山學術論叢 |
出版日期 | 19960600 |
卷期 | 14 1996.06[民85.06] |
頁次 | 頁27-61 |
分類號 | 147.57 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 倫理; 道德; 解析派馬克思主義; 義務倫理; 德性倫理; 法權觀念的道德; 解放的道德; Ethics; Morality; Analytical marxism; Ethics of duty; Ethics of virtue; Morality of recht and morality of emancipation; |
中文摘要 | 最近二、三十年以來,英、美、德、法各國研究馬克思主義的學者,比較關懷的 問題,為馬克思對道德、倫理、正義、民主、自由、平等、人性、社群等等的看法。 本文注視1970年代以來,西方馬克思學(Marxology)學者有關馬克思倫理觀、道德觀的析 評。首先提及馬克思對資產階級道德的抨擊,以及他對傳統倫理學缺乏興趣的因由。 其次論及馬克思抱持一種特殊的倫理觀,包括所謂的道德未來主義(道德未來觀)。 綜合當代學者主要的看法,是把馬克思主義的倫理觀看作為法權觀念與解放倫理之對立,或 視為自由的體現、自我的實現與人類的解放之倫理觀。 馬克思倫理觀的缺陷,可能是他對道德看法之不協調、不連貫,也是涉及異化的克服之難題 :此外,其主張有導致個人承擔道德責任的規避之嫌,以及道德標準與經濟需要之混同。 馬克思倫理觀的這些瑕疵,本文也一一指出,而加以評述。 最後在結論中指出馬克思把道德與宗教一律視為意識形態,是他倫理觀的特質,也是招致後 人誤解與批判的緣由。 |
英文摘要 | The treatise aims to elucidate and evaluate Marx's conceptions of justice, morality and ethics. Despite Marx's apparent rejection of and attack on the bourgeois morality, he acctually adopts a so-called historicist view of ethics. Indeed, Marx searches for an ethics of human freedom and emancipation, on which he attepts to base his ideal, classless, de-alienated communist society. What Marx really rejects is the jurisdictionalist concept of ethics (Recht). The article consists of four parts. Part One deals with Marx's condemnation of the bourgeois ethics as a false consciousness and class ethics. Part Two discusses the contra-disdinction between ethics of duty and ethics of virtue as well as morality or Recht and morality of emancipation. Part Three elaborates on the inconsistency of early and late Marx on ethics, his moral escapism and his idea of interconnection between ethics and the mode of production. Finally, in Part Four, Marx's concept of morality and ethics is summed up and the implications of his historicist view of morality for the contemporary world are expounded. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。