頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 比較飲酒與使用手機對駕駛行為之影響=A Comparison Study of the Driving Behaviors between Drivers Using Cellular Phones and Alcoholic Consumption |
---|---|
作者 | 柳永青; 歐陽昆; | 書刊名 | 人因工程學刊 |
卷期 | 14:1 2012.03[民101.03] |
頁次 | 頁49-61 |
分類號 | 447.17 |
關鍵詞 | 酒駕; 無線手機; 駕駛行為; 駕駛模擬; Drunk driving; Wireless cellular phone; Driving behavior; Driving simulator; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究分別執行兩個獨立駕駛模擬實驗,探討駕駛者使用免持聽筒藍芽科技手機與酒後駕車,對駕駛行為的影響差異。手機通話駕駛模擬實驗共徵募24位受測者參與,於不同道路負荷狀況(高負荷vs.低負荷)下,使用無線手機進行不同內容通話(複雜vs.簡單vs.無通話)。參與者被要求安全駕駛並對道路兩旁之突發性事件執行分割性注意力工作(divided attention task, DA)。酒駕模擬實驗則因受測者參與意願受限,僅有8位自願者參與此一2(駕駛道路負荷:高vs.低)x 4(BAC of 0% vs. 0.05% vs. 0.08%vs. 0.10%)受測者內因子設計實驗。受測者於此實驗所需執行工作與手機通訊實驗相同。二實驗所收集之駕駛行為與DA反應時間,以曼-惠特尼U考驗法(Mann-Whitney U test)進行統計比較檢定,由於二實驗之參與人數不一致,本研究並計算樣本效果(effect size)以考驗效果量是否達顯著水準。結果顯示,駕駛者行經低負荷道路,使用免持聽筒手機進行複雜通話,駕駛者在車速控制上,等同於酒醉值BAC 0.08%的駕駛行為,尤其在DA反應時間與油門加速度變異相較於酒駕BAC 0.08%甚至更差,酒後駕駛者無論在何種酒精濃度下,相較於無通話與簡單通話,其最大油門加速度之操控行為皆顯著較大。但在高負荷道路下進行複雜通話,駕駛者之DA反應時間等同於BAC 0.08%之酒駕行為。值得注意的是,在平均車速變異與最大油門縱向加速度之行為,複雜通話內容對駕駛者之行為影響,甚至與嚴重酒駕(BAC 0.1%)的行為表現相似。本研究結果應可喚醒駕駛者重視與相關交通規範單位重新審視使用無線手機對行車安全危害議題;若僅專注於宣導與嚴厲取締酒駕,或許大眾習以為常的無線手機,可能是手機普遍化社會即將面臨衝擊交通安全的另一深層隱憂。 |
英文摘要 | Two independent experiments were conducted to compare the differences of drivers using cellular phones and drivers who are drunk. In the cellular phone experiment, twenty-four participants, under two driving load roads (high vs. low), used the wireless cellular phone to make different conversational content phone calls (complex vs. simple vs. no conversation). Drivers were instructed to drive safely and to respond the road side divided-attention (DA) task. In the drinking experiment, only eight participants were recruited in this study which is restricted by the participant's choice to volunteer. This drinking study was a 2 (driving load: high vs. low) x 4 (Blood Alcohol Concentrations (BAC), 0% vs. 0.05% vs. 0.08% vs. 0.1%) within-subjects factorial experiment. The driving road conditions and the tasks the participants drove and performed were the same as those in the cellular phone experiment. The driving behaviors and DA task reaction time were collected as dependent variables, and were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. Because of the unequal sample size in the two studies, the effect size was used to measure the strength of the statistical significance between two variables. Results revealed in the low driving load road, drivers who used cellular phones to have complicated phone calls resulted in slower and larger performances in the DA reaction and acceleration variance than those of drunk drivers at BAC 0.08%. In addition, the complicated phone calls caused drivers to appear similar in their driving behaviors that maintained their average speed to that of the drunk drivers at BAC 0.08%. In the high driving load road, drivers who made complicated phone calls also produced approximately the same performance in the DA reaction time as those of the drunk drivers at BAC 0.08%. Notably, in the vehicle average speed and the maximum throttle acceleration measures, drivers making complicated phone calls behaved the same as the drunk drivers at BAC 0.1%. This research may shed light on the very likely risk caused by cellular phone use while driving. If the government only focuses on forbidding drunk driving, then alone with the popularity of using cellular phones while people are driving, the modern society may need to face many challenges and safety issues in traffic. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。