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題名 | 增加懷孕後期飼糧能量對初產女牛泌乳性能與生長的影響=Effects of Increasing Dietary Energy Prepartum on Milking Performance and Growth of Primiparous Holstein Heifers |
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作者 | 李春芳; 陳吉斌; Lee, Churng-faung; Chen, Chi-pin; |
期刊 | 畜產研究 |
出版日期 | 20050900 |
卷期 | 38:3 民94.09 |
頁次 | 頁165-174 |
分類號 | 437.34 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 初產女牛; 飼糧能量; 泌乳性能; 生長; Primiparous heifers; Dietary energy; Milking performance; Growth; |
中文摘要 | 初產女牛有泌乳與本身持續生長的雙重營養需求,本次試驗希望瞭解增加女牛懷孕後期飼糧能量,是否有益於此二性能的表現。陸續逢機將距預產期四個月的11頭荷蘭女牛分成對照組與脂肪補充組,群飼提供相同的盤固草完全混合量糧(粗蛋白質平均15%,精料比例33.5%,乾基)任食至分娩,但兩組每頭每天分別補充0或150g過瘤胃脂肪,使脂肪組飼糧泌乳淨能增加6.0%。能量處理期間為產前四個月,十隻性能追蹤至產後三個月,七個月期間每月量測體重,體型及血清非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)。試驗結果顯示,增加懷孕後期飼糧能量不影響孕女牛採食量,牛隻3.5%乳脂校正乳量的改善也未達顯著差異水準(18.2 vs. 20.7 kg,P<0.19),但牛隻產後二到三個月的血清NEFA濃度有較高趨勢(165 .229μM, P<0.07)。增加飼糧能量可以促進牛隻較早達到泌乳高峰(11.2 vs.7.0 wk, P<0.05),同時促進乳脂率(3.11 vs. 3.61%, P<0.06),但泌乳持續力較弱(95.7% vs. 87.0%, P<0.08)。提高懷孕後期飼糧能量並不影響牛隻體重、日增重與體型。參試牛群的平均分娩月齡、分娩前估算體重、分娩分算失重、產前四個月日增重與產後三個月日增重,分別為27.2月齡、630kg、75.2kg、1.01kg與-0.31 kg。 |
英文摘要 | Nutrient supply for primiparous heifers needs to meet both their milking and growth requirements. Increasing dietary energy level in late-pregnant period was evaluated for its beneficial effect on heifers’ performance. A total of 11 Holstein heifers at last 4-mo before calving were randomly assigned to control group or fat supplemented group. Same total mixed ration (CP 15% and grain ratio 33.5% on DM basis) was offered ad lib once daily. Heifers in fat group received another 150 g of by-pass fat per day to increase NEL by 6.0%. Energy treatment was conducted until parturition. Performance was traced to 3-mo after calving. During the 7-mo experimental period, traits including body weight, body type and serum non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) were measured once a month. Results showed that increasing energy level during the late-pregnant period did not effect the feed intake and the 3.5% fat-corrected mild yield (18.2 vs. 20.7 kg, P<0.19), but heifers in fat group tended to have higher serum NEFA levels during the 2nd and 3rd month after calving (165 vs. 229μM, P<0.07). Increasing dietary energy level could bring about earlier milk peak (11.2 vs. 7.0 wk, P<0.05) and higher milk fat percentage (3.11 vs. 3.61%, P<0.06), however the milking persistency of fat group was poorer (95.7% vs. 87.0%, P<0.08). Body weight (BW), daily gain, and body type development of both groups were all similar. Average calving age, estimated BW before calving, BW loss during calving, daily gain 4-mo before calving and 3-mo after calving for all heifers were 27.2 month, 630 kg, 75.2 kg, 1.01 kg and -0.31 kg, respectively. |
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