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題 名 | 以集水區地文因子探討崩塌地植生復育之研究--以旗山溪 集水區為例=A Study of Vegetative Restoration for the Watershed Landslides by Using Topographic Factors:A Case Study of Cis-Han Creek Watershed |
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作 者 | 朱豐沂; 陳明賢; 林昭遠; | 書刊名 | 水土保持學報 |
卷 期 | 44:2 2012.06[民101.06] |
頁 次 | 頁135-150 |
分類號 | 434.273 |
關鍵詞 | 崩塌地; 植生復育率; 多變量分析; Landslides; Vegetation recovery rate; VRR; Multivarate analysis; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 莫拉克風災造成集水區多處崩塌及洪水暴漲,大量土石淹埋周遭村落民宅、阻礙河道,其 中以南台灣災情最為嚴重。因崩塌地分布幅員遼闊,如何有效萃取崩塌區位、監測評估植生復 育狀況,提供崩塌地治理參考有其必要。本研究利用旗山溪集水區風災前後之衛星影像萃取崩 塌區位,並以風災後一年之衛星影像評估崩塌區位之植生復育率,顯示集水區崩塌地之植生復 育率已達7.24%。另以集水區面積、集水區周長、集水區長度、河川主流長度、河川總長度、 河川數量、平均高程、起伏量、源頭數量、平均坡度、集水區寬度、形狀因子、河川頻率與河 川級序等14 個地文因子;利用主成份分析探討其與崩塌地植生復育率之關係,結果顯示以集 水區周長、源頭數量、河川數量、平均高程、平均坡度、起伏量、集水區寬度及形狀等因子對 集水區崩塌地之植生復育率有顯著影響;可大致歸類為尺度類、梯度類及形狀類等三個主成份 軸,由三個主成份軸約能萃取83.79%之成份。再以K 平均數群集將集水區植生復育率分為優、 普通及差等三類,利用判別分析探討植生復育率之影響因子,可得三組之Fisher’s 線性判別函 數,其分類準確達70%,藉由集水區地文因子能有效的判釋崩塌地植生復育率之良窳,本研究 所發展之模式可供集水區崩塌地治理之參考。 |
英文摘要 | Typhoon Morakot caused several collapses and floods in the watersheds, which resulted in debris disasters and channel blockages of the nearby villages especially located at the southern Taiwan. Due to scattered distribution of the landslides, how to extract the watershed landslides, and to monitor and assess watershed’s vegetative restoration are necessary for landslide management. This study extracted the spatial distribution of landslides in Cishan Creek watershed using satellite images before and after the Typhoon event, and assessed the vegetative recovery rate (VRR) of the watershed by applying the image taken a year after the hits of Morakot. The results show that the VRR of the watershed landslides has reached to 7.24%. The topographic factors of a watershed such as watershed area, watershed perimeter, watershed length, length of mainstream, rivers of total length, number of rivers, elevation, relief, number of headwaters, slope, watershed width, form factor, stream frequency and stream order are employed to study the contributions to the VRR of the watershed landslides. Among them, the factors of watershed perimeter, number of headwaters, number of rivers, elevation, slope, relief, watershed width and form factor can be classified as categories of scale, gradient, and form three principal component axes, which extract about 83.79% of information and show significant effects on the VRR of the watershed landslides. The VRR can further be grouped by K-means as excellent, ordinary, and poor rates, which couples with discriminant analysis can derive Fisher's linear discriminant function to explore the affecting factors of the VRR for the watershed landslides and the accuracy of the classification can reach 70%. The topographic factors of a watershed can be used as an effective index to interpret the VRR of the landslides, and the models developed in this study can be as the references of watershed landslide management. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。