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題名 | Decision-making in the Public Sector: The Electoral Reform in Taiwan--"Single-Member Constituency Two-Ballot System" and "Cutting the Legislative Seats in Half" Case Study=公部門的決策分析:臺灣立法委員選舉制度改革--「單一選區兩票制」與「席次減半」個案研究 |
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作者 | 黃國敏; | 書刊名 | 空大行政學報 |
卷期 | 27 2014.10[民103.10] |
頁次 | 頁137-165 |
分類號 | 573.33 |
關鍵詞 | 決策; 立委選制改革; 臺灣; 政府政治模型; 政治決策模型; Decision-making; Electoral reform; Taiwan; Governmental politics model; Political decision model; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 決策乃是基於決策者的價值與偏好來設計與選擇方案的研究。決策同時也是設法 減少相關方案的不確定性和疑惑以從中作合理選擇的過程。本文研究方法主要為自然 無干擾觀察法與個案分析法。臺灣立法院於2004年8月23日三讀通過劃時代的憲法修 正案,將立法委員席次從225席減為113席,三年任期改為四年,改採單一選區兩票 制,保障婦女在全國不分區的席次過半,賦予選民公投權並廢除國民大會。此意謂著 區域立委由各選區選出一位,全國不分區和海外委員則由得票率超過5%的政黨所列 名單分配之,而各政黨所提婦女名額須過半。 經由決策理論與臺灣立法委員選舉制度改革案例比較發現,政府的政治模式(官僚 政治模式或稱為政治的決策模式)最可以解釋國會的競技場。權力才是重點,國會多數 的決策是基於「黨派鬥爭」而非民眾所期待的「理性問政」。 |
英文摘要 | Decision-making is the study of identifying and choosing alternatives based on the values and preferences of the decision-maker. Decision-making is also the process of sufficiently reducing uncertainty and doubt about alternatives to allow a reasonable choice to be made. Research methods used in this study include naturalistic (unobtrusive) observation and case study. On August 23, 2004, the Legislative Yuan in Taiwan passed landmark constitutional amendment proposals to cut the number of legislative seats from 225 to 113, extend legislative terms from three years to four, adopt a "single-member constituency two-ballot" system, guarantee female legislators receive half of the seats from the nationwide constituency, give people referendum rights, and abolish the National Assembly. These amendments signify that the district legislators shall be elected according to the number of districts; nationwide constituency and overseas legislators shall be elected according to the list of party nomination that has garnered more than 5% of the votes. Comparing decision- making theories and the Taiwanese electoral reform case study shows that the governmental politics model (bureaucratic politics model or political decision model) best explains the legislature’s arena. Power is the key driver, and most decisions made in the Congress are based on partisan politics rather than rationality. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。