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題名 | A型蒸發皿顏色對蒸發量之影響=Influence of the Color of the Class A Evaporation Pan on Evaporation Rate |
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作者 | 朱佳仁; 陳建翰; 李勝雄; 劉日順; Chu, Chia-ren; Chen, Chien-han; Li, Sheng-shiung; Liu, Jih-shun; |
期刊 | 氣象學報 |
出版日期 | 20140700 |
卷期 | 51:1 2014.07[民103.07] |
頁次 | 頁41-53 |
分類號 | 328.61 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | A型蒸發皿; 蒸發量; 淨輻射量; 反照率; Class A evaporation pan; Evaporation rate; Net radiation; Albedo; |
中文摘要 | 蒸發散為水文循環中重要因子之一,現今量測蒸發量最普遍的方法就是採用 A型蒸發皿進行現地觀測。在臺灣,中央氣象局所屬的氣象觀測站、水庫管理單位及農業試驗所皆是利用 A型蒸發皿來監測各地的蒸發量。但中央氣象局的氣象觀測站將蒸發皿外層塗白,內部保留不塗色,而部分觀測站的蒸發皿內外雙層皆漆上白色,與世界氣象組織的建議不同。且臺灣各單位對於蒸發皿表面是否塗上白漆並不一致,因而影響蒸發皿所接受的淨輻射量及蒸發量。本研究比較同時放在同一氣象觀測坪的兩個 A型蒸發皿,一個未上漆之金屬蒸發皿與另一個白色蒸發皿的蒸發量。觀測的結果顯示:因為白色蒸發皿所吸收的輻射量低於金屬皿的輻射量,白色皿年蒸發量為 1041 mm year-1,金屬皿為 1392 mm year-1,亦即白色皿年蒸發量約為金屬皿年蒸發量的 75%,兩者一年的皿蒸發量可差 351 mm year-1。 |
英文摘要 | Evaporation rate is one of the essential factors in the hydrologic cycle, and Class A evaporation pan is the most widely used evaporimeter to measure the evaporation rate. In Taiwan, the Central Weather Bureau, agricultural research institutes and reservoir management units all use Class A evaporation pans to measure local evaporation rates. However, the evaporation pans used by the Central Weather Bureau were painted in white color, which is different from the suggestion by the World Meteorological Organization. This study compared the evaporation rates of two Class A evaporation pans, one in original galvanized metal color and the other in white color, placed in the same weather station during 2012~2013. The experimental results revealed that, because the net radiation of white pan is smaller than that of metal pan, the annual evaporation rate of the white pan (1041 mm year-1) is about 75% of the evaporation rate of the metal pan (1392 mm year-1). |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。