頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 薏苡有機栽培病蟲害之綜合管理=Integrated Management of Pests for Organic Cultivation of Job's Tears, Coix lachrymal-jobi L. |
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作 者 | 黃啟鐘; 謝育樺; | 書刊名 | 嘉大農林學報 |
卷 期 | 10:2 2013.08[民102.08] |
頁 次 | 頁54-68 |
分類號 | 434.99 |
關鍵詞 | 薏苡; 綜合管理; 有機栽培; 病蟲害; Coix lachrymal-jobi; Integrated management; Organic cultivation; Pests; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究在嘉義實施春、秋作薏苡(Coix lachrymal-jobi L.)有機栽培,以台中1(TC 1)號、台中2(TC 2)號、台中3(TC 3)號及台中4(TC 4)號品種作為試驗植材。試驗區劃分為綜合管理、慣行及對照區。在兩期作的綜合管理區以黃色黏紙誘殺主要害蟲棲群密度之發生盛期,分別為粉蝨科之6月下旬1,032隻/28片及11月中旬9,473隻/28片,葉蟬科之5月下旬843隻/28片及12初5,365隻/28片,薊馬科之5月下旬2,169隻/28片及10月中旬5,993隻/28片。在兩期作的綜合管理區以玉米螟性費洛蒙翼型黏膠式誘蟲器,計誘殺玉米螟成蟲110與164隻/2支;以兩種夜蛾中改式性費洛蒙誘蟲器,計誘殺斜紋夜蛾成蟲2,874與2,332隻/2支及甜菜夜蛾成蟲469與367隻/2支。薏苡葉枯病在三試驗區的四個品種中皆罹病,其中於春作5月下旬與秋作10月下旬之前的罹病度較低,分別為26.7及16.3%以下,但春作6月下旬及秋作12月初的採收期其罹病度增高,分別為74.8-92.6%及74.8-97.8%。在兩期作的綜合管理區以黃色黏紙誘集捕食性及寄生性天敵之出現盛期,分別為瓢蟲科之4月下旬166隻/28片及12月初104隻/28片,小繭蜂科之4月下旬的隻/28片及12月初45隻/28片,姬蜂科之6月下旬26隻/28片及12初37隻/28片,寄生蠅科之6月上旬6隻/28片及10月上旬21隻/28片。在兩期作薏苡採收期之單株分蘖數、總穗重、脫殼後籽粒重及籽粒產量,以台中4號品種皆達顯著性水準,且以春作綜合管理區,可獲得最佳單株分蘖數、總穗數、總穗重、脫殼後籽粒重及籽粒產量。 |
英文摘要 | Four varieties, TC 1, TC 2, TC 3 and TC 4 of Job's tears, Coix lachrymal-jobi were planted in Chiayi with organic cultivation in this study, and experimental field was divided into the integrated management, the conventional and control plots. By using yellow sticky plates in the integrated management plot of both spring and autumn seasons, the results showed that the number of Aleyrodidae insect pests were 1,032/28 plates, 9,473/28 plates in late June and mid-Nov., and these two periods were highest peak of this pest. It also showed that the number of Cicadellidae insect pests were 843/28 plates, 5,365/28 plates in late May and early Dec., and these two periods were highest peak of this pest. The number of Thripidae insect pests were 2,169/28 plates, 5,993/28 plates in late May and mid-Oct., and these two periods were highest peak of this pest. By using pheromone-baited traps in the integrated management plot of both spring and autumn seasons, the results showed that the number of Ostrinia furnacalis adults were 110 and 164/2 traps. It also found that the number of Spodoptera litura and S. exigua adults were 2,874 and 2,332/2 traps, 469 and 367/2 traps by using pheromone-baited. The Coix leaf blight disease severity percentage for four varieties of Job's tears was below 26.7% and 16.3% in late May of spring season and late Oct. of autumn season, but it was 74.8-92.6% and 74.8-97.8% in the harvesting period of late June and late Dec. From the results of various natural enemies by using yellow sticky plates in the integrated management plot, the numbers of Coccinellid predators were 166/28 plates and 104/28 plates in late April and early Dec. The numbers of Braconid parasitoids were 85/28 plates and 45/28 plates in late April and early Dec. The numbers of Ichneumonid parasitoids were 26/28 plates and 37/28 plates in late June and early Dec. and the Tachinid parasitoids numbers of were 6/28 plates and 21/28 plates in early June and early Oct. As for the number of total spikelet/plant, total spikelet weight (g)/plant, weight of seeds and grain yield of four Job's tears varieties, TC4 had reached significant level, the integrated management plot of spring season had the best number of total spikelet/plant, total spikelet weight (g)/plant, weight of seeds and grain yield. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。