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題名 | 棒球運動參與涉入與觀賞流暢體驗之關係--觀賞涉入為中介變項=Examining the Mediating Effects of Spectators' Involvement on the Relationship between Sport Participation Specialization and Spectators' Flow Experience in Baseball |
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作者 | 高立學; 賴世堯; Gau, Li-shiue; Lai, Shih-yao; |
期刊 | 屏東科大體育學刊 |
出版日期 | 20130300 |
卷期 | 2 2013.03[民102.03] |
頁次 | 頁29-41 |
分類號 | 528.9014 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 專業化; 情感涉入; 流暢體驗; 運動; 觀賞運動; Baseball; Specialization; Affective involvement; Flow experience; Sport; |
中文摘要 | 本研究透過棒球運動驗證觀賞運動流暢體驗的存在,分析運動參與和觀賞流暢體驗的關係,及驗證現場觀賞運動涉入為從事棒球運動專業化與觀賞流暢體驗的中介變數。本研究採用問卷調查法,回收有效問卷 107份。測量工具包括從事運動專業化情感涉入量表( 10題)、運動觀賞涉入情感量表( 9題)與觀賞運動流暢體驗量表(9題)。量表的信度依序分別為 0.980、0.983、0.985。檢視觀賞運動流暢體驗的分數,有 71 (67.6%)位受訪者回答分數在 4.5以上( Likert 7點尺度),顯示在觀賞運動中,或多或少有流暢體驗。利用 K平均數集群分析將受訪者區分為「高觀賞運動情感涉入」族群 69人和「低觀賞運動情感涉入」族群 37人;「高從事運動情感涉入」族群 61人和「低從事運動情感涉入」族群 42人。接著使用單因數變異數分析顯示高涉入族群有較高觀賞運動流暢體驗。另外,以回歸分析驗證的現場觀賞運動涉入的中介效果 (mediating effect),在現場觀賞涉入為中介變數時,專業化程度與觀賞流暢體驗之間的回歸標準化係數由 0.78 (p<.001) 降為 0.19 (p=.023),顯示棒球運動現場觀賞的情感涉入,產生現場觀賞流暢體驗 (r=0.73),同時對從事棒球運動專業化程度與觀賞流暢體驗間存在幾乎完全中介效果。建議未來研究可將此模式應用於其它觀賞性運動。 |
英文摘要 | This study attempted to confirm that flow experiences in watching baseball games exist, investigate the relationship between sport participation specialization and the spectators’ flow experiences in baseball, and examine how spectators’ involvement can serve as a mediator in the relationship between sport participation specialization and flow experiences in watching sports. Questionnaires were utilized to collect data, including three scales of baseball participation specialization (10items), baseball spectators’ involvement (9items), and flow experiences in watching baseball games (9items). All items were measured using a 7-point Likert scale from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree.” By a convenience sampling, 107 returned questionnaires were valid. The scales’ Cronbach’s alphas were .980, .983, and .985. The mean scores (higher than 4.5) of flow experiences in watching sports revealed that 71 respondents (67.6%) more or less enjoyed flow experiences. With K-means cluster analysis, the respondents were divided into the high-spectator-involvement group(69people)and the low-spectator-involvement group(37people). Further, with K-means cluster analysis, the respondents were divided into the high-sport-participation-specialization group(61people) and the group(42people) of low-sport-participation-specialization. The analysis of variance showed that both high involvement and specialization groups had higher flow experiences in watching sports than the low involvement and low specialization groups. The regression analysis was used to test the mediating effect of the spectators’ involvement on the relationship between sport participation specialization and spectators’ flow experiences. The results showed an almost complete mediation effect. The standardized regression coefficients of the sport participation specialization were decreased from 0.78(p<.001) to 0.19 (p=.023) when the spectators’ involvement was put into the regression equation as another independent variable.This indicated that the spectators’ involvement could predict the spectators’ flow experience (r=0.73) and served as an important mediator of the relationship between the sport participation specialization and the spectators’ flow experience. Future research can examine the mediation model in different sports. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。