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題名 | 稻草在秀珍菇栽培之應用=Rice Straw for Production of Phoenix-tail Mushroom, Pleurotus sajor-caju |
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作者 | 李瑋崧; 呂昀陞; 陳美杏; | 書刊名 | 臺灣農業研究 |
卷期 | 61:2 2012.06[民101.06] |
頁次 | 頁90-99 |
分類號 | 435.29 |
關鍵詞 | 秀珍菇; 稻草; 產量; 生物效率; 生物轉化率; Pleurotus sajor-caju; Rice straw; Yield; Biological efficiency; Biological conversion rate; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 秀珍菇是台灣五大栽培菇類之一,平均每年用於秀珍菇太空包生產的木屑量超過 3 萬公噸,為求菇類產業與環境生態之永續發展,本研究開發稻草取代部分木屑栽培秀珍菇之模式。比較秀珍菇 6 個菌株在馬鈴薯葡萄糖洋菜培養基之菌絲生長情形,得知 SJ-10 菌株生長速度最快,而 SJ-11 菌株生長速度最慢。為了解不同菌株對於稻草之利用性,選取 SJ-10 和 SJ-11 兩菌株進行稻草與木屑不同乾重混合比例之菌絲生長與出菇試驗。結果經變方分析後顯示菌株與不同稻草與木屑混合比例對菌絲生長、產量、生物效率與生物轉化率之交感效應極顯著 (P < 0.01),表示不同菌株會隨著稻草與木屑不同混合比例而有差異表現。在菌絲生長方面,兩菌株在稻草與木屑混合比例 1:3 之基質和全木屑處理者生長最快。在出菇試驗方面,SJ-10 菌株培養於稻草與木屑混合比例 1:1 之處理,與 SJ-11 菌株培養於稻草與木屑混合比例 1:3 之處理,無論在產量、生物效率和生物轉化率均顯著高於全木屑處理者;SJ-10 菌株以稻草與木屑混合比例 1:1 與 SJ-11 菌株以稻草與木屑混合比例 1:3 培養的平均每包產量分別為 192.3 g 和 222.5 g。評估以稻草應用於秀珍菇栽培模式之收益,結果顯示 SJ-10 菌株以稻草與木屑混合比例 1:1 處理者與 SJ-11 菌株以稻草與木屑混合比例 1:3 處理者均較全木屑處理者分別多出 15000 元/萬包和 22500 元/萬包。綜合上述研究,利用稻草取代部分木屑栽培秀珍菇,不僅可降低成本,更能提高產能增加收益。 |
英文摘要 | Phoenix-tail mushroom [Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer] is one of the five most economically important mushrooms produced in Taiwan. Sawdust from trees is a major ingredient in the substrate for the production of this mushroom, with more than 30,000 tons used for its production annually. Using sawdust for mushroom production is not only expensive but also harmful to the environment. Since rice straw is a major agricultural waste in Taiwan, this study was conducted to determine the possibility of replacing wood sawdust with rice straw for production of Phoenix-tail mushroom. The experiment was set up with five treatments, which contained a mixture of rice straw and sawdust at 1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 0:1 ratio (by dry weight). Six strains of P. sajor-caju were tested for mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar and the fastest-growing strain SJ-10 and the slowest-growing strain SJ-11 were selected for production of fruiting bodies in different treatments. Results showed that the most suitable substrates for mycelial growth of strains SJ-10 and SJ-11 were the substrates containing rice straw-sawdust mixture at a ratio of 1:3 and 0:1 by dry weight. The strain SJ-10 produced highest yield (192.3 grams of fruiting bodies per bag) for the treatment of rice straw-sawdust mixture at 1:1 ratio, whereas the strain SJ-11 produced highest yield (222.5 grmas of fruiting bodies per bag) for the treatment of rice straw-sawdust mixture at 1:3 ratio. Compared to the treatment of substrate containing 100 % sawdust without rice straw, the net profit of each bag was increased by 1.5 dollars (NT$) for the strain SJ-10 grown in the substrate containing rice straw-sawdust mixture at 1:1 ratio and 2.25 dollars (NT$) for the strain SJ-11 grown in the substrate containing rice straw-sawdust mixture at 1:3 ratio. These results suggest that rice straw has potential for replacing sawdust for commercial production of Phoenix-tail mushroom and the suitable amount of rice straw in the substrate varies with strains of P. sajor-caju. |
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