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題名 | 智能障礙青少年健康情形與醫療利用及其相關因素之研究=Health Status and Medical Services Utilization of Adolescents with an Intellectual Disability |
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作者 | 嚴嘉楓; 林金定; Yen, Chia-feng; Lin, Jin-ding; |
期刊 | 身心障礙研究 |
出版日期 | 20090600 |
卷期 | 7:2 2009.06[民98.06] |
頁次 | 頁94-120 |
分類號 | 548.2 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 智能障礙者; 青少年; 健康情形; 醫療服務利用; Healthy lifestyle; Health behavior; Intellectual disability; Preventive health utilization; Adolescent; Children; |
中文摘要 | 透過健康的生活型態與預防保健服務的使用可以有效預防慢性疾病與減緩其嚴重性,但針對智能障礙群體,相關研究資料在台灣地區卻付之闕如。本研究主要目的乃在探討智能障礙青少年的健康與醫療利用情形及其相關因子。本研究以台灣地區內政部身心障礙資料檔中領有身心障礙手冊之12-18歲之智能障礙青少年為研究母群共計11,549人。研究樣本採年齡分層等比率之隨機抽樣法,抽出所需樣本;研究工兵及資料收集為結構性郵寄問卷,主要由智能障礙者的主要照顧者自行填寫回覆,總共寄出5,055份問卷,回收1,419份有效問卷,回收率為28%。結果:有47.1%的智能障礙青少年合併其他障礙;其中合併語言障礙者最多(48%),其次為視力(22.6%)及癲癇(22%)。進一步調查他們的罹病情形,發現有3.7%的人罹患有口腔疾病,2.8%患有心臟血管疾病,2.6%骨骼疾病。,40.1%的個案自覺健康為是「健康」,38.0%則認為「普通」,15.4%認為「很健康」而有5.9%認為個案是「不健康」有0.6%則認為「很不健康」。過去半年內,有66%的個案曾經互醫療院所使用過門診醫療;平均使用的門診次數為3.07次。4.7%的個案曾經使用住院醫療服務,平均住院次數為1.18次,而有9.8%的個案曾使用急診醫療,平均使用的急診次數為1.16次,20.5%的個案(285人)曾使用中醫民俗治療方法或另類療法,42.4%的個案曾進行復健醫療服務。門診、急診與住院利用的危險因素為自覺健康較差者與曾使用口腔檢查、特殊檢查者(p<0.05)。復健醫療高使用的智能障礙青少年特質,主要關鍵在於主要照顧者為母親、家庭經濟能力較好、父母社經地位較高者等,反而與個案健康狀況好壞較無關緣。本研究為初探性的調查,期望未來能藉由本研究發現設計過切的健康促進方案提升整體智能障礙青少年的生活品質。 |
英文摘要 | The benefits of preventing chronic diseases through healthy lifestyles, behaviors and usage of preventive health services have been well documented in the general population. However, the information regarding best practices to address the above characteristics toward adolescents with an intellectual disability are currently unavailable in Taiwan. The aims of the present study were to scrutinize the profiles of medical care services and to exam their determinants for adolescents with an intellectual disability in Taiwan. A cross-sectional survey design was employed in the present study. The study samples choosed by multistage sapmling from the National Register of the Disabled in Taiwan, those individuals with an intellectual disability whose aged 12-18 years were recruited in the study. Finally, there were 1,419 subjects included in the study (response rate 28%). Data was collected by a mail-structured questionnaire that was completed for each individual by their main carers. The results found there were 66.3% subjects used outpatient care, 4.7% were hospitalized and 9.8% used emergency services in the previous 6 months. The risk factors of their medical care utilization are self-perceived poor health status, used dental health screening and use of specific health examinations. The study suggests that the health authorities should pay more attention to the health promotion to prevent the occurrence of chronic diseases for adolescents with an intellectual disability in the future. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。