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題名 | Pattern of Plant Invasions in the Preserves and Recreation Areas of Shei-Pa National Park in Taiwan=雪霸國家公園相鄰之保護區與遊憩區之植物入侵趨勢比較 |
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作者 | 吳珊樺; 蔡正國; 孫豪廷; 陳巧芬; 邱祈榮; Wu, Shan-huah; Tsai, J. K.; Sun, H. T.; Chen, C. F.; Chiou, Chyi-rong; |
期刊 | Botanical Studies |
出版日期 | 20090400 |
卷期 | 50:2 2009.04[民98.04] |
頁次 | 頁217-227 |
分類號 | 371.5 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 植物入侵; 歸化植物; 國家公園; 保護區; 雪霸國家公園; National park; Naturalized species; Nature preserve; Plant invasions; Recreation area; Shei-Pa national park; |
中文摘要 | 台灣國家公園的保護區,蘊含豐富的特、稀有生物,然而其面臨的植物入侵衝擊,卻少有資料可得。入侵植物傳播與擴散已被證實與人為活動及交通建設程度正向相關,而國家公園的保護區多半緊鄰人為活動頻繁的遊憩區,因此,遊客及車輛的來往,極有可能將入侵植物由國家公園外引入遊憩區,進而入侵相鄰的保護區,衝擊當地生物多樣性。為探討台灣山區國家公園內植物入侵之現況,本研究以雪霸國家公園遊客量最大的武陵地區為研究地點,於相鄰的遊憩區及保護區中隨機設置230 個一平方公尺之調查樣區,以歸化植物為主要調查對象,進行植物入侵現況評估,並檢驗以下兩個假說:(1) 山區氣候因子將使溫帶引進之歸化植物較為優勢;(2) 因人為活動類型不同,相鄰的遊憩區及保護區將呈現不同的植物入侵趨勢及組成;(3) 保護區內的歸化植物,應與遊憩區之歸化植物組成相近。結果顯示,武陵地區之歸化植物佔當地全部植物種類之4% ,較全台歸化植物比例6% 為低。優勢的科為菊科(Asteraceae) 及禾本科(Poaceae) ; 全區、保護區及遊憩區最優勢的物種皆為大扁雀麥(Bromus catharticus) 及白花三葉草(Trifolium repens),保護區內的歸化物種組成為遊憩區之歸化植物組成之縮影,植物組成相似。大部分的歸化植物為草本,源自於熱帶及溫帶美洲,溫帶物種並無顯著優勢。植物入侵的模式在保護區及遊憩區不同,遊憩區歸化植物之種數、覆蓋度及多樣性指數值顯著較保護區高; 在保護區中,少數歸化物種優勢的情形顯著,而遊憩區之歸化植物組成均勻度較高。環境因子分析之結果顯示,海拔高度是造成植物組成不同之最重要因子。 |
英文摘要 | Nature preserves in the national parks are usually adjacent to the recreation areas, where most of the tourists visit. Although permits are required and only few small trials are available to enter the preserves, species naturalized in the neighboring recreation areas may hitchhike across the borders. To estimate the differences of plant invasions in neighboring preserves and recreation areas experiencing different intensity of anthropogenic activities, we employed Wuling district (alt. 1,800-3,860 m), Shei-Pa National Park in Taiwan as our study site. Our hypotheses were: (1) the recreation areas harbor more naturalized species, and plant invasion patterns are different in these areas under various land management strategies; (2) species inhabiting the preserves could be found in the recreation areas as well; (3) naturalized species of temperate origins are dominant due to the temperate weather in the mountains. Total of 230 quadrats in one meter square quadrats were randomly selected along the roads and trails in both areas. Naturalized species, relative cover, elevation, and naturalness degree were obtained and analyzed. The results showed that the naturalized species in both areas were herbaceous, originating from tropical and temperate Americas and Europe. Naturalized floras of these two areas were presented by analogous dominant families, Asteraceae and Poaceae, and dominant species, Bromus catharticus and Trifolium repens. However, the number and coverage of naturalized species, α diversity, elevation, and naturalness degree, suggested different patterns of plant invasions of these two areas. Recreation areas accommodated significantly more naturalized species and higher coverage, and elevation was responsible for distinct patterns of plant invasions. Both of the preserves and recreation areas in Wuling provided suitable habitats for similar naturalized floras; however, relatively more species harbored by the later implied a source and sink relationships between these two areas. Furthermore, environmental factors that change with the elevation, such as temperature, topography, and native vegetation, may contribute to different patterns of plant invasions presented by preserves and the recreation areas in the subtropical mountains. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。